【作者】 黄志峰；

【导师】 胡育文；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 由于永磁材料的发展,永磁同步电机具有了高效率、长寿命、体积小、重量轻、结构简单等一系列优点,使其在航空航天、军事、家电及工业领域广泛使用。永磁电机有两种类型,一种为正弦波永磁同步电动机(PMSM),该类电机运行性能好,但电机结构和控制较复杂;另一类为无刷直流电动机(BLDCM),这类电机结构和控制都比较简单,但它的运行性能不及前者。随着电力电子技术、控制技术和微处理器技术的飞跃发展,无刷直流电动机得以迅速的推广应用。相比正弦波永磁同步电动机,无刷直流电动机具有更高的功率密度,但是其较差的运行性能限制了其在高性能场合的应用,所以从控制方法上提高其运行性能,将为电机结构简单的无刷直流电动机的近一步推广打下基础,这也是本文研究的目的和意义。本文主要研究无刷直流电动机的直接自控制控制策略,力求在提高无刷直流电动机运行性能的同时保持无刷直流电动机控制的简单性。本文建立无刷直流电动机的数学模型,并在MATLAB软件中建立了仿真模型;在该模型下分析了无刷直流电动机直接自控制策略的可行性,给出了仿真结果,在转速较高时,忽略定子电阻压降的影响,充分考虑到无刷直流电动机控制系统的简单性,只进行转矩的调节,实现了功率管的最少切换。但是在低速时受定子电阻压降的影响,定子磁链波形畸变造成运行性能的下降,所以在低速时无刷直流电动机的直接自控制策略需要进行转矩和磁链的协调控制;本文设计和制作了可更换DSP的高性能的数字通用控制平台,顺利把该控制平台调试成功,在该平台上编写和调试了基于TMS320LF2407A的控制程序,完成了上述实验,给出了实验结果。最后本文研究了无刷直流电动机的转子初始位置的检测,针对面贴式的隐极式无刷直流电动机使用定子电感饱和法进行了转子初始位置检测的实验。本课题得到了台达科教发展基金的资助。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of permanent magnet material, permanent magnet synchronous motor has the advantages of high efficiency、long life、small bulk、light weight、simple structure, so it was widely used in the field of aviation and spaceflight、military affairs、appliance and industry. There are two kinds of permanent magnet synchronous motor. One is the permanent magnet synchronous motor with the back-EMF of sine wave, it has the good performance, but its structure and control are complicated. The other is permanent magnet brushless DC motor. This kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor with the back-EMF of trapezoid wave has simple structure and control. But its performance was not better than PMSM.BLDCM was further impeled with the development of power electronics technology, control theory and microprocessor technology, which has higher power density than PMSM, but its performance limited its use. So if BLDC’s performance was improved through the control theory, BLDCM will be further used. It is also the objective and significance of researching in this paper.The direct self control was proposed to Brushless DC Motor drive system in this papper. The simple structure was holding while the high performance was achieved. This paper analyzed the mathematic model of BLDCM and the simulation model of BLDCM was established by MATLAB. In this model, the simulation result was given with the direct self control theory. When the speed is high, neglecting the influence of the drop voltage of stator-winding resistance, the torque was first in order to get the simple control system. In order to improve the distortion of stator flux-linkage at lower speed, the stator flux-linkage should also be controlled. Therefore, the flux-linkage and torque were adjusted simultaneously. The high-speed and universal ditigtal control platform which can be replaced DSP was designed and debugged. The control software based on TMS320LF2407 was compiled and debugged, realized the experiment of the direct self control theory on BLDCM and validated the theory. Finally, the initial rotor position estimate method which used stator inductance saturation effects was researched on the surface mounted BLDCM, the experiments were carried out to validate the theory.This subject is supported by Delta education development foundation.更多还原