【作者】 杨梅；

【导师】 刘建辉；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验以蚯蚓粪为主,配合不同体积比的草炭、玉米芯、蛭石,以及一些有机肥和无机肥作为原料,研究蚯蚓粪复合基质及其施肥配方对甜瓜、西葫芦、黄瓜幼苗生长发育及生理特性的影响,以期筛选出适合甜瓜、西葫芦、黄瓜幼苗生长的新型复合基质。主要结果如下:1.甜瓜基质配方和施肥量研究:筛选出复合基质M5（750dm/m³蚯蚓粪+250dm/m³玉米芯+12.5kg/m³烘干鸡粪）和M4（750dm³/m³蚯蚓粪+250dm³/m³玉米芯+10.0kg/m³烘干鸡粪）作为厚皮甜瓜的育苗基质来代替CK（草炭:蛭石=2:1）。2.西葫芦和黄瓜基质质配方的研究:筛选出750dm/m³蚯蚓粪+250dm/m³玉米芯+12.5kg/m³烘干鸡粪和250dm/m³蚯蚓粪+250dm/m³玉米芯+250dm/m³草炭+250dm/m³蛭石+12.5kg/m³烘干鸡粪,作为西葫芦育苗的推荐基质;750dm/m³蚯蚓粪+250dm/m³玉米芯+12.5kg/m³烘干鸡粪,作为黄瓜育苗的推荐基质。3.利用前期试验选出的基质配方P7（250dm/m³蚯蚓粪+250dm/m³玉米芯+250dm/m³草炭+250dm/m³蛭石）,采用二因素五水平通用旋转组合设计,研究了N和P2O5的不同养分供应量与西葫芦壮苗指数的之间的关系。模型寻优和频数分析结果显示:西葫芦壮苗指数达最大值时,N, P₂O₅各因子水平分别为0, 0,即0.7和0.6kg/m³,此时西葫芦壮苗指数为0.3200。当X1为0.176～1.189, X2为-0.029～0.829时,西葫芦幼苗壮苗指数有95%的可能高于0.30。4.利用前期试验选出的基质配方C1（750dm/m³蚯蚓粪+250dm/m³玉米芯）,采用二因素五水平通用旋转组合设计,对N和P2O5的不同养分供应量与黄瓜壮苗指数之间的关系进行研究。模型寻优和频数分析结果显示:N、P₂O₅各因子水平分别为0、0,即0.8和0.7 kg/m³,此时黄瓜壮苗指数为0.420;当X₁水平为-1.038～-0.101,X₂水平为-1.038～-0.101时,黄瓜幼苗壮苗指数有95%的可能高于0.40。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking wormcast mixed with peat, corncob, vermiculite, several organic and inorganic fertilizers as the material, we studied the influence of different substrates and fertilizer formula on the growth and the physiological characteristic of muskmelon, pumpkin and cucumber seedlings. We want to several new type substrates be select by the experiment, on each of them, the muskmelon, pumpkin and cucumber seedling can grow well. The important results as following:1. The study of substrates and fertilizer forms for muskmelon: Though overall measurement by seedling index and G value etc., the compound substrate M5 （750 dm/m³ wormcast +250 dm/m³ corncob +12.5kg/m³ drying chicken manure） and M4 （750 dm/m³ wormcast +250 corncob +10.0kg/m³ drying chicken manure） M5 and M4 can be used to product the seedling of muskmelon instead of CK（Peat: Vermiculite=2:1）.2. The study of substrates forms for pumpkin and cucumber: We recommend the substrates of 750dm/m³ wormcast+250dm/m³ corncob +12.5kg/m³ dried chicken manure and 250dm/m³ wormcast +250dm/m³ corncob +250dm/m³ peat +250dm/m³ vermiculite +12.5kg/m³ dried chicken manure for pumpkin seedling, and recommend the substrate （750dm/m³ wormcast +250dm/m³ corncob +12.5kg/m³ dried chicken manure） for cucumber seedling.3. Using the selected substrates formula（250dm/m³ wormcast +250dm/m³ corncob +250dm/m³ peat +250dm/m³ vermiculite）, we studied the relationship of N and P quantities of nutrient supply on the pumpkin seedling index by means of quadratic general rotational. By the frequency analysis and the seeking of optimized region, we got the following results: The cucumber seedling index is 0.420, when the lever of N and P₂O₅ is 0 and 0（0.8 and 0.7 kg/m³ ）;The pumpkin seedling index have 95% possibility above 0.30 when X1 region is 0.176～1.189, and X₂ region is -0.029～0.829.4. Using the selected media formula（750 dm/m³ wormcast +250 dm/m³ corncob）, we studied the relationship of N and P quantities of nutrient supply on the cucumber seedling index by means of quadratic general rotational. By the frequency analysis and the seeking of optimized region, we got the following results: The cucumber seedling index is 0.420, when the lever of N and P₂O₅ is 0 and 0（0.8 and 0.7 kg/m³ ）;The cucumber seedling index have 95% possibility above 0.40 when X1 region is -1.038～-0.101, and X₂ region is -1.038～-0.101.更多还原