【作者】 宋英春；

【导师】 李凤日；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 森林经理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 利用航空像片进行林业制图和植物测量是植物资源调查的主要任务。本文根据光束法区域网平差原理，利用ERDAS的OrthoBASE模块对2006年内蒙古磴口县乌兰布和沙漠拍摄的130张航空像片，共10条航带进行了GPS辅助空中三角测量，并对其进行了正射投影纠正，生成了1平方公里实验区比例尺为1∶1000影像图，影像图地面分辨率为0.1m，达到了相当高的精度。这也是我国林业部门第一次使用基于PPP精密单点定位导航的数码航摄系统生成的正射影像图。正射纠正消除或大大降低了因摄影机倾斜和地形起伏两种因素引起的影像位移，消除或大大降低了航片各种误差的影响，主要包括：摄影机物镜畸变、大气折光和地球曲率对像点坐标的影响。实验表明：林业上，基于PPP精密单点定位导航的数码航摄系统，其正射影像图制作周期短，成图精度高，因不需要地面控制点，外业工作量小，完全可以满足沙漠、高寒等艰苦地区数字林业需求。本文以沙漠典型的白刺和沙枣为例，利用制作的正射影像图以及阴影测高法，进行了沙漠地区植物测量研究，包括白刺和沙枣东西和南北幅度、周长和高度等指标的测量，对测量精度进行分析，结果显示：利用得到的正射影像图以及阴影法进行的沙漠地区植物测量，其相对误差达到20％，基本能够满足沙漠地区植物调查的精度要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Forestry mapping and plant surveying by aeroscape are main tasks of plant resources investigation. Base on the theory of bundle aerotriangulation, Using OrthoBASE module of ERDAS software, 130 digital airscapes consisted of 10 strips were orthorectified by GPS-supported Aerial Triangulation. Those were shoot in the Wu Lan Bu He Desert in Inner Mongolia in 2006. Then we obtained 1 sq km area images (1:1000 scale), and Image resolution is 0.1m. This is the first time that through digital aerial photograph system by PPP(Precision Point Position) navigation generated orthophoto image in China forestry. Image displacement caused by camera tilt and terrain fluctuation is eliminated or reduced greatly. And image errors mainly caused by camera lens distortion photographic material deformation atmospheric refraction and earth’s curvature are eliminated or reduced greatly. Digital aerial photograph system by PPP(Precision Point Position) navigation has shorter production cycles, highly accuracy map, no ground control points outside the workload, so it can carry out in atrocious weather such as desert, cold and high latitude areas, and suffice the needs of digital forestry in those areas.We measured indicators of Nitraria tangtorum and Elaeagnus angustifolia included east-west and north-south crown ranges, height and circumference by using the production of orthophoto image and shadow-based altimetry. Though the analysis of measurement precision, we concluded, the relative error is 20%, which fall in the range of precision in desert plants survey.更多还原