【作者】 刘佳；

【导师】 胡满；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 基础兽医学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验用尼氏体染色、Golgi-Cox法、DiI逆行标记方法对雏鸡中脑视顶盖SGC层的胚胎发育、投射向圆核的SGC细胞的形态、SGC层的细胞构筑进行了研究。用尼氏体染色、Golgi-Cox法和DiI逆行标记法，观察到的SGC细胞以多种形态存在：三角形、多边形、卵圆形或纺锤形。高尔基染色的方法和DiI逆行标记法可观察到完整的SGC细胞及其树突，呈三角形或纺锤形的细胞多由胞体发出2～3支主树突，其树突野较大；多边形细胞和少数三角形的细胞多由胞体发出多支树突，其树突野较小。尼氏体染色，SGC层背侧、腹侧和外侧的层厚度依次为154.50±23.66μm、213.02±24.17μm、218.29±33.85μm(n=298)，表明SGC层背侧的厚度明显小于腹侧和外侧。根据细胞面积，将细胞分为大细胞(100μm~2以上)、中型细胞(50～100μm~2)和小型细胞(50μm~2以下)。结果发现，大细胞和中型细胞占SGC层细胞总数的90％以上。对SGC层的发育观察结果显示：SGC层的层厚度在E11、E14、E17和E20时分别为：122.73±24.80μm，141.17±37.65μm，163.31±25.73μm，167.43±31.18μm(n=20)。结果表明，胚胎在11～17胚龄发育迅速，在17～20胚龄时发育暂缓，结合3日龄时SGC层的厚度，可以推断在出雏后1～3天内，雏鸡经历了又一次发育高峰。本试验还用免疫组化的方法研究了几种神经肽GABA、VIP和β-END在不同光周期(11L：13D，13L：11D，15L：9D，17L：7D)下鸡视项盖-圆核通路上的分布。结果表明，几种神经肽在不同光周期的蛋鸡OT-Rt通路上都有不同的分布。GABA样免疫反应阳性神经细胞在11L：13D和13L：11D光周期下在OT-Rt通路有分布：SGC层和Rt核内阳性细胞以13L：11D光周期下分布较多，SP／IPS核内阳性细胞在11L：13D光周期下分布较多；GnRH样免疫反应阳性神经细胞在11L：13D和13L：11D光周期下在OT-Rt通路有分布：SGC层内阳性细胞以13L：11D光周期下分布较多，SP／IPS核内阳性细胞在11L：13D光周期下分布较多；VIP样免疫反应阳性神经细胞在11L：13D，13L：11D，15L：9D光周期下在OT-Rt通路有分布：SGC层和SP／IPS核内阳性细胞在13L：11D，15L：9D光周期下较11L：13D光周期下分布多，而Rt核内阳性细胞以11L：13D光周期下分布多；β-END样免疫反应阳性神经细胞在11L：13D，13L：11D，17L：7D光周期下在OT-Rt通路有分布：SGC层和SP／IPS核内阳性细胞在13L：11D光周期中分布最多，Rt核内阳性细胞在11L：13D光周期下分布最多。结果表明，GABA可能是OT-Rt通路中主要的抑制性神经肽，VIP和β-END也参与GnRH分泌的调控，光信息可能通过调节视顶盖—圆核通路中GABA、VIP和β-END几种神经肽的分布调控GnRH的分泌，进而调节鸡的生产性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cytoarchitecture and development of stratum griseum central (SGC), morphological feature of the SGC cells which project to Rt, were studied by DiI retrogradely labeling, Nissl staining and Golgi-Cox staining. By Nissl staining, the average width of dorsal, ventral and the lateral regions were 154.50±23.66μm, 3.02±24.17μm, and 18.29±33.85μm (n=298), it indicated that the width of dorsal region in SGC was thinner than those of the ventral and the lateral regions. The soma of the cells appeared triangular, polygonal, oval or spindle. Some of triangular soma and the spindle one gave out 2～3 primary dendrites and had bigger dendrites field. Some polygonal soma and triangular ones sent more dendrites and had smaller dendrites field. According to the somatic area, these cells can be divided into large cells (S＞100μm~2), medium cells (S50～100μm~2) and small cells (S＜50μm~2). About 90% of the SGC cells were large and medium ones. Observation on the development of the SGC showed that the average width in E11, E14, E17 and E20 were 122.73±24.80gm, 141.17±37.65μm, 163.31±25.73μm,and 167.43±31.18μm (n=20). It indicated that the rapid period of development occurred in E11～E17, the slow period of development was in E17～E20. Considered the width of SGC of three-day-old chick, it can be deduced that in 1～3 days after hatching, another development summit occurred. Using immunohistochemistry method, the GABA, GnRH, VIP andβ-END-like immunoreaction positive neurons within the OT-Rt pathway were observed in the different photoperiod. The photoperiod was designed into four levels. They are 11L:13D, 13L:11D, 15L:9D, and 17L:7D. The GABA-like immunoreaction positive neurons could be seen in SGC, n.SP/IPS and n.Rt in 11h and 13h photoperiod. The positive neurons within SGC and n.Rt in13h photoperiod are more than those in the 11h photoperiod. The positive neurons within n.SP/IPS in 11h photoperiod are more than those in the 13h photoperiod. The GnRH-like immunoreaction positive neurons could be seen in SGC, n.SP/IPS and n.Rt in 11h and 13h photoperiod. There were more positive neurons in SGC and less in n.SP/IPS in the 13h photoperiod. VIP-like immunoreaction positive neurons could be seen in the OT-Rt pathway in 11h、13h and 15h photoperiod. Quantity of the posotive neurons in SGC and n.SP/IPS was most in 13h photoperiod, the neurons in n.Rt were most in 11h photoperiod.β-END-like immunoreaction positive neurons appeared in SGC, n.SP/IPS and n.Rt in 11h、13h and 17h photoperiod. The results indicated that GABA may be the important inhibitory neuropeptides, VIP, END also involved in the regulation of the GnRH. Optical information may control the chicken production performance by adjusting the distribution of GABA, VIP andβ-END neuropeptides within the OT-Rt pathway.更多还原