【作者】 张瑞明；

【导师】 严平；

【作者基本信息】 安徽农业大学 ， 气象学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 研究于2004—2006年在安徽农业大学农场和太和、贵池两地农业示范园联合进行。通过太和、贵池不同气候区的试验,研究了不同气候条件下不同甘薯品种的生长发育和块根品质的变化,重点分析了气候因子对不同生态甘薯品种品质的影响,以及不同生态条件下的品质差异,应用统计分析方法对气候因子与甘薯品质以及产量的关系进行了深入的研究。主要试验结果如下:1.气象条件对甘薯的品质的影响。淀粉含量与积温和日较差有明显正相关,而与降水量有较明显负相关,其中,与积温的相关达显著水平。可溶性糖含量和日照有明显正相关,其中与日照的相关达显著水平。蛋白质与积温和日照正相关,与降水量有明显负相关。维生素与日较差和积温相关但不明显,与降水量明显正相关,与日照负相关。蛋白质的含量是随着累积日照而改变的,日照时数为630小时为蛋白质含量存在的一个最低值;生育期内降水每增加10%,甘薯块根的维生素含量近似增加1%。2.气象因素对甘薯产量的影响。气候因素对甘薯产量的影响是十分明显的。单薯重高、蔓较粗、分枝数多、上薯数是甘薯主要的产量构成要素。产量与积温、光照、育苗期光照和生育后期光照呈显著正相关,与生育期日平均温度和降水表现负相关。要使甘薯每公顷产量大于16000公斤时,薯块膨大关键期的平均土壤相对湿度均在29.9%以上,但要小于60%。3.温床可以使甘薯很快达到所要的积温而很快的出苗。种薯发芽时,温床温度28℃的温度最适合;热床育苗薯苗需要积温大于或等于170℃。土壤积温与甘薯育苗期的长短呈负相关关系。4.甘薯插栽日期预测最早插栽日期,日平均气温稳定通过15℃的模式为:T1=-154.3256+0.00000146X+01000058Y+0.0369H。式中X表示经度、Y表示纬度、H表示海拔高度。以日均气温稳定通过安徽中南部地区海拔＜250 m为4月旬,海拔250～500 m为4月下旬,海拔500～800 m的为5月上旬,海拔800～1200m的为5月中旬,北部地区相应推迟约10～15天。5.甘薯高产优质的关键因素。甘薯的优质高产是可以统一的,因为决定二者的最适环境因素是一致的,适宜的光照强度和温度是决定高产的重要因素,同时也是影响品质的关键因子。在影响品质的诸多环境因素中,各因子是相互影响,共同起作用的。在具体的生产上通过品种、不同气候区、海拔等栽培措施调控,实现甘薯的优质高产是完全可能的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effect of climate on sweet potato has been carried out in many fields. The paper focuses on the analysis of qualities of two different special kinds of sweet potato(high starch type which used as industrial raw material and edible type)in different regions of Anhui and under different weather conditions.The study was conducted on the farm of Taihe,Guichi and also on the farm of Anhui agricultural university simultaneously.The experiment studied the growing and developing and quality of different sweet potato in different climate condition. Analysis the relationship between climate factor and sweet potato by statistical method.The results can be shown as fellowing:1.The average daily temperature is most helpful in generating starch and the daily temperature difference has the biggest influence on the content of solubility sugar.The sunshine is most affected on protein and the rain decline has the biggest influence on the accumulation of vitamin.2.Climate factors can also affect the yield of sweet potato,the relationship between average daily temperature,rainful and sweet potato yield is negative; the relationship between accumulated temperature,light and sweet potato yield is positive;3.High temperature can fast the sprout of sweet potato and the temperature is playing very important role in the development of sweet potato seeding.And accumulated temperature170℃is good,and sweet potato seeding has been discussed.4.From the experiment,combining results of principal yield and multifactor regression analysis,cultivation of sweet potato in An hui.the equation of cultivation of sweet potato can be shown:T1 =- 154.3256+ 0.00000146X + 01000058Y +0.0369H.5.Climate factor is important to the sweet potato quality and yield.Climate factor is playing very impotent role in the process of sweet potato quality and yield.Compareing two factors,genetype and environment,environment factor is more important.The high quality and high yield can be united,because the fittest affecting them is accordant.Through the methods,such as varieties、climate zone etc.To get high quality and high yield of sweet potato is possible.更多还原