满城地质公园旅游环境承载力研究

【作者】 郑天然；

【导师】 阎同生；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来旅游业发展迅猛,随之产生的环境问题也与日俱增。旅游环境承载力的研究是解决这一问题的有效方法,旅游环境承载力的确定有助于对旅游地进行科学的开发、规划和管理,实现旅游地环境和经济的可持续发展。鉴于世界范围内旅游环境承载力概念不统一;现有测算模型在旅游规划与管理方面应用价值不大,本文就这两个方面进行了探讨。本文在对国内外旅游环境承载力理论深入研究的基础上,讨论了旅游环境承载力的概念、理论基础、特点及内涵。认为旅游环境承载力是描述旅游地能够承受的旅游活动强度的概念,是由时间、空间、旅游活动类型和强度等因素决定的可变函数,由于它的时空异质性,旅游环境承载力研究应与某一具体的地域相结合。本文以旅游环境承载力理论为基础,对满城地质公园不同旅游景区的旅游环境承载力进行了计量研究及综合评价。首先调查满城地质公园旅游资源特征,旅游产品和旅游者需求,利用三者这间的相互作用关系,将旅游环境中最敏感的要素定为限制因素,根据它确定该区的旅游环境承载力,并提出旅游环境承载力的调控措施。然后根据压力--状态--响应模型确定了旅游环境承载力综合评价的指标体系,利用层次分析法对每个指标赋权重,在数据分析基础上得出地质公园旅游环境承载力时、空间分布特点,以及旅游开发过程中存在的问题,提出了整个满城地质公园旅游环境承载力调控措施。本文的最终研究成果将更有实际操作性,将在各种旅游资源的规划与管理中得到广泛和方便的应用。本文进行了以下几点个方面的创新性工作:1.本文首次对河北满城地质公园进行了旅游资源、旅游产品和旅游者特点的调查,在此基础上探讨了人为因素引起的旅游环境要素的变化,确定了公园内不同类型景区的旅游环境承载力,并提出了切实可行的调控措施,对于地质公园旅游开发、规划与管理提供了有力依据。2.根据公园内喀斯特溶洞景区的环境特点,讨论了在这种脆弱的生态环境下旅游开发和游人活动对溶洞环境及游人本身的影响,确定了洞内热量和二氧化碳含量是该地区喀斯特溶洞旅游可持续发展的限制因素,并根据热量和二氧化碳计算了该区溶洞游人极限承载力,在此基础上提出了提高旅游环境承载力的措施。3.以漕河流域为研究对象,讨论了龙门湖景区旅游活动与旅游服务对水体的影响,指出旅游接待区污水排放是造成漕河水体污染的重要因素,把下游水体含磷量确定为该区旅游环境承载力限制因素,在此基础上计算了龙门湖区的旅游环境承载力和并提出了提高该区承载力的措施。4.根据玉皇山景区地貌、生态、经济特点,指出旅游基础设施是发展当地旅游业的前提,但旅游基础设施建设与应用对生态系统的干扰最大,因此将旅游设施确定为该区旅游可持续发展的限制因素,并据此计算了该区旅游环境承载力,提出了旅游环境承载力的调控措施。5.本文首次在汉墓景区进行了客流量调查与游客心理分析,结合满城汉墓知名度高,空间狭小的特点,确定旅游环境承载力限制因素是旅游空间,建议扩大汉墓外围旅游空间和旅游内容以提高汉墓旅游环境承载力。6.本文首次根据压力—状态—响应模型,建立了该区旅游环境承载力评价指标体系,从模型分析中得出了地质公园旅游环境承载力时、空分布特点及现存的问题,并提出相关措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tourist industry developed rapidly in recent years, tourism environment problems are daily on the increase. The research of tourism environment bearing capacity (TEBC) is an effective method to solve these problems. It contributes to developing and planning management of tourist zone scientifically. In order to realize the sustainable development of the tourist environment and tourist economy. Because the concept of TEBC isnt final conclusioned in the world, the models of the calculation have little value in planning and managing in tourism zone. In this thesis the author deeply discusses the two problems of TEBC.Based on deeply analyzing of relvant documents about the TEBC both at home and on abroad, the concept characteristic intension of TEBC has been discussed in this thesis. The author think: the TEBC is a concept describing the extent to which a resort can sustain the number of travels. It can be regarded as a varialbe parameter determined by such variable as time space types of traveling activities and intensivy. As it varies with the time and space, the study of the TEBC should be combined with a particular region.Based on the theory of the TEBC, the author calculates and evaluates TEBC for different type in Geopark. At first the author surveys the tourism resources, the products and tourist demand in the tourist destination, use of the interaction between the three, regards the most sensitive elements of the tourism environment as the limiting factor, according to determined TEBC, based on the characteristics of different scenic spots brought forward the control measures. Then under the model of PSR, the author gives the index system of TEBC comprehensive evaluation, ensures the valuation of each target by the analytic hierarchy process. Get a time and space distribution of TEBC in Geopark, and the problems that existed in the process of tourism development. Give some measures to improve the TEBC for Geopark. The study results of this paper will get extensive and convenient application in various levels of tourist planning.In the thesis the author made some new works as followes:In this thesis the author investigates the tourism resources in Mancheng Geopark of Hebei for the first time. Based on the investigation the author explores into the changes in tourism environment elemenmt caused by the human factor, ensures TEBC use the theory of TEBC, gave some adjustment measures for Geopark.According to the environmental characteristics of karst caves area, the author discusses the impact of the cave environment and vistors in such a fragile ecological environment. Determined the heat and carbon dioxide content karst caves is the constrainsts. Calculates the TEBC by heat and carbon dioxide in cave and gives some measurees to improve the TEBC.Discusses tourism activities and service how to impact the water in Cao River. Points out the reception of sewage is an important factor in water pollution. P is defined as constraints of TEBC of the water in downstreaw. On the basis of calculation TEBC of the Longmen Lake and measures proposed to improve the TEBC.According ecological and economic characteristics of Yuhuang Mountain, the author points out the tourism infrastructure is a prerequisite for the development of tourism, but it is the biggest ecosystem disturbances. So the author determined TEBC by original infrastructure and gave some adjustment measures for Yuhuang Mountain.In this thesis the author invests psychology characteristic of tourist in Han tomb for the first time. Combining the characteristic of tomb, determinds the space in tomb is the constraint. The author proposes expanding the content and space of tourism in order to improve TEBC in Han tomb.The thesis sets up a series of index system for TEBC based on the model of press-state -response. Analyzes the rules of distribution of TEBC in terms of time and space as while as the existing problems, proposes measures for geopark.更多还原