【作者】 王庆惠；

【导师】 史建新；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 介电式种子分选机具有结构简单、适应性强、可按种子活力进行分级的特点,吸引了国内外许多学者的研究。但由于对该原理及机具的研究还不够深入,使得介电分选在生产上未能得以大面积的应用。本文对介电式种子分选机的设计和试验进行了研究。通过介绍介电式种子分选机的国内外研究现状和存在的问题,对种子的电生理特性、所受极化力和在滚筒上的运动进行了分析,指出影响种子极化力的因素还与其在滚筒上的姿态、位置,种子存储时间和环境等因素有关。根据介电分选原理和作物自身的特性,采用叶轮式喂入辊,在分选滚筒的正上方放置一刮板,并首次采用由PVC材料制成的隔板式分选滚筒,PVC隔板间夹着两根极性相反的电极导线,相邻的两PVC隔板间形成比种子平均直径略大的沟槽,由理论分析和试验证明了该结构的合理性。该结构解决了种子在分选滚筒上随机分布的问题,保证了每个被分选的种子所处的电场都很均匀,并且具有相同介电常数的种子落入一个电场强度均匀的电场中,提高了分选效果。分别对棉花、苜蓿、油白菜和酱用番茄种子进行分选试验,对影响种子分选效果的主要因素进行正交试验。测量每组分选的种子质量,并与对照组进行比较,得出同一组中每级种子与对照组间的关系。对种子做发芽试验和数据分析,得出以分选电压和滚筒转速为变量的回归方程,并对方程进行检验,经检验回归方程显著,得出不同作物种子的最佳分选参数。更多还原

【Abstract】 The dielectric seed separator has the characteristics of simple structure, good adaptability, and classifying seeds according to the vigor differences, which have attracted a lot of scholars to carry on research in home and abroad. But the study on principle and machine of seed separator has not been done thoroughly. So it has not been widely used in seed production. This article is to study on dielectric seed separator through theoretical analysis and experimental researches.It is introduced of actuality and existent question of dielectric seed separator in this article, and analyzed the seed dielectric property, polarization force, moving on separator roller. It is pointed out that the infection factors of seed about polarization force are related with posture and position on roller, storage time, surroundings, etc.According to separator principle and seed itself, the machine uses impeller feed roller and scraping board which is on separator roller. At the same time, we develop a new structure with PVC clapboard on roller, two electrode leads with opposition polarity are laid between PVC clapboards, it forms groove which is bigger than seeds average diameter. By theory analyze and experiment, it is proved that the structure is correct. Therefore, it solves the question of random distributing, ensures electric field uniformity of seed laid, and falls on stabilization position with the same dielectric constant. The separator effect is improved.The separator experiments are carried through cotton, clover, cabbage, and tomato seeds. The main factors on affecting the separating result are experiments with orthogonal. The quality of each group seeds is measured and compared with contrast, the relationship is gained between each group with contrast. By germination experiment and data analysis, the regression equations are educed about separating voltage and roller rotate speed. By testing, the regression equations are notable, the best separating parameters are educed for difference seeds.更多还原