【作者】 富丰珍；

【导师】 丛者福； 冷平生；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 森林培育， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以阿月浑子植株与外植体为材料,采用化学方法与色谱-质谱方法对阿月浑子中总酚以及酚类物质成分进行了定性和定量分析,并用透射电镜观察了外植体褐变的发生对细胞超微结构的影响。其内容包括阿月浑子总酚提取方法,不同组织中的总酚在生长过程中的动态变化;酚类物质的提取、鉴定;褐变发生时组织细胞超微结构的变化。主要结果如下:1、通过溶剂对比试验及单因素试验确定了从阿月浑子叶片中提取总酚的最佳提取溶剂及影响浸提率的相关因素,并通过正交实验优化了最佳提取工艺条件:利用80%的丙酮水,按1:50的料液比,在60℃下连续浸提两次,每次60min。2、应用阿月浑子总酚最佳的提取工艺条件对不同生长时期阿月浑子和黄连木不同品种的叶片、韧皮部、木质部中的总酚含量动态变化进行分析。阿月浑子与黄连木叶片总酚含量由高到低为:kerman>peters>新疆阿月浑子,中国黄连木>大西洋> UCB;韧皮部总酚含量为:新疆阿月浑子>kerman >peters;中国黄连木>UCB>大西洋;木质部总酚含量为:新疆阿月浑子>peters>kerman;UCB>中国黄连木>大西洋。在生长期内,阿月浑子各品种叶片中总酚含量平均值kerman为89.64mg/g,peters为86.76mg/g,新疆阿月浑子为58.59mg/g高于木质部中总酚含量的平均值kerman49.26mg/g,peters53.29mg/g,新疆阿月浑子65.02mg/g;同时黄连木各品种叶片中总酚含量的平均值中国黄连木为98.18mg/g,大西洋为96.51mg/g,UCB为95.38mg/g均高于木质部中总酚含量中国黄连木49.15mg/g,大西洋46.58mg/g, UCB55.28mg/g。3、采用不同方法提取阿月浑子叶片酚类物质,气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对其进行定性与定量分析,阿月浑子叶片中含有邻苯二酚0.7640mg/g;邻苯三酚0.0580mg/g;没食子酸1.3024mg/g;儿茶素0.1040mg/g,香豆酸;确定了最佳的前处理方法。同时鉴定了阿月浑子半木质化茎段含有没食子酸0.4600mg/g和儿茶素0.1480mg/g;组织培养未发生褐变的苗中含有0.1300mg/g没食子酸和0.0036 mg/g儿茶素;褐变苗中含没食子酸为0.1184 mg/g;未发生褐变的愈伤组织中含2.0800 mg/g邻苯二酚,2.1720 mg/g邻苯三酚和2.9200 mg/g没食子酸;褐变的愈伤组织中含0.0180mg/g没食子酸。4、利用透射电镜(TEM)观察了阿月浑子褐变组织的细胞超微结构。阿月浑子褐变组织的细胞与未褐变组织细胞比较表明,细胞发生了质壁分离,具有膜结构的细胞器已消失,液泡也不存在。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the leave of Pistacia vera L..Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenol from Pistacia vera L. and effect on cell ultrastructure of Pistacia vera L tissue.The extracting technology phenol content from Pistacia vera L. leave;phenol content changes in different parts of Pistacia vera L. and P.chinensis Bge in the growth process;phenol extracte, identificate;browning change in cell ultrastructure of the tissue.The main results are as follows:1.Through the solvent contrast test and the single-factor tests ensure that the best extraction solvent and the relevant factors effect on extraction rate.Orthogonal tests are use to assure the optimal method of extracting phenol compounds from Pistacia vera L .: 80%acetone-water at 60℃water bath for 60min and solid to liquid ratio 1:50 for twice.2.Through the optimal method analysis phenol content in leave,phloem and xylem from the different breeds of Pistacia vera L. and P.chinensis Bge.As the leave:kerman>peters>xinjiang Pistacia vera L..Chinese P.chinensis Bge > Atlantic Ocean> UCB.Phloem: xinjiang Pistacia vera L.> peters> kerman;Chinese P.chinensis Bge >UCB> Atlantic Ocean.Xylem: xinjiang Pistacia vera L> peters> kerman; UCB > Chinese P.chinensis Bge > Atlantic Ocean.In the growth process,the average of phenol content in Pistacia vera L. leaves: kerman 89.64mg/g,peters 86.76 mg/g, xinjiang Pistacia vera L. 58.59mg/g are higher than the average of phenol content in Pistacia vera L.xylem:kerman 49.26mg/g,peters 53.29mg/g,xinjiang Pistacia vera L. 65.02mg/g.Meawhile, the average of phenol content in P.chinensis Bge. leaves: Chinese P.chinensis Bge 98.18mg/g, Atlantic Ocean 96.51mg/g,UCB 95.38mg/g are higher than the average of phenol content in P.chinensis Bge. xylem: Chinese P.chinensis Bge 49.15mg/g, Atlantic Ocean 46.58mg/g, UCB 55.28mg/g.3.In certain condition, Gas-chromatograms and Mass spectrum (GC-MS) are use to identifie phenol. Pistacia vera L .leave contain pyrocatechol 0.7640mg/g, pyrogallol 0.0580mg/g, gallic acid 1.03024mg/g, catechin 0.1040mg/g and coumaric acid by different pre-treatment methods.Meanwhile stem of Pistacia vera L contain gallic acid 0.4600mg/g and catechin 0.1480mg/g;on no-browning of the tissue culture contain gallic acid 0.1300mg/g and 0.0036mg/g catechin; browning of the tissue culture contain gallic acid 0.1180mg/g; callus on no-browning contain pyrocatechol 2.0800mg/g,pyrogallol 2.1720mg/g, gallic acid 2.9200mg/g; callus on browing contain gallic acid 0.0180mg/g.4.Using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM ) observe the cell ultrastructure of browing tissue of Pistacia vera L..Compare the cell of browning tissue with no-browning tissue, cytoplasm departed from cell wall,the cell membrane structure has disappeare,vacuole not existe.更多还原