【作者】 张欣；

【导师】 龙瑞军；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 草业科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以2006年6月底采集的10种高寒草甸植物为试验材料,研究了其酚类物质、营养成分含量并采用体外产气法与PEG相结合的生物学方法分析高山植物中酚类物质的生物学价值。分析了酚类物质与营养成分、产气量等的相关关系。主要结果有:1.头花杜鹃(Rhododendron capitatum)、千里香杜鹃(Rhododendron thymifolium)、西伯利亚蓼(Polygonum sibiricum Laxm)、珠芽蓼(Polygonum viviparum)、金露梅(Potentilla fruticosa)和烈香杜鹃(Rhododendron anthopogonoides)总酚含量相对较高,分别为62.66g/kg、53.35g/kg、46.67g/kg、44.01g/kg、43.46g/kg和41.79g/kg。单宁含量在4.99～40.62g/kg之间,头花杜鹃(Rhododendron capitatum)单宁含量最高,甘肃小檗(Berberos kansuensis)含量最低。缩合单宁含量在1.86～26.61g/kg之间,头花杜鹃(Rhododendron capitatum)含量最高,甘肃小檗(Berberos kansuensis)含量最低。牛血清蛋白(BSA)结合法研究表明,珠芽蓼(Polygonum viviparum)、金露梅(Potentilla fruticosa)、头花杜鹃(Rhododendron capitatum)、西伯利亚蓼(Polygonum sibiricum Laxm)中多酚的蛋白质结合能力大于50%,分别达到68.80%、63.82%、50.33%、50.23%,而甘肃小檗(Berberos kansuensis)仅为28.57%。2. 10种高寒草甸植物粗蛋白质含量在6.48～19.89%DM之间,其中珠芽蓼(Polygonum viviparum)和金露梅(Potentilla fruticosa)粗蛋白含量较高,分别达19.89%和19.70%,而头花杜鹃(Rhododendron capitatum)仅为6.48%。粗脂肪含量在2.11～11.51%DM之间,其中千里香杜鹃(Rhododendron thymifolium)和头花杜鹃(Rhododendron capitatum)粗脂肪含量较高,分别为11.51%、9.97%。脯氨酸含量在0.12～0.84%之间,珠芽蓼(Polygonum viviparum)和西伯利亚蓼(Polygonum sibiricum Laxm)含量显著高于其它8种植物(p<0.01)。3.采用体外产气法和PEG相结合的生物学方法分析高寒草甸植物中酚类物质的生物学价值。经96 h体外培养后,圆穗蓼(Polygonum macrophyllum D.Don)、高山柳(Salix cupularis)、窄叶鲜卑木(Sibiraea angustata)、甘肃小檗(Berberos kansuensis)、珠芽蓼(Polygonum viviparum)、西伯利亚蓼(Polygonum sibiricum Laxm)产气量较高,易于发酵。添加PEG后,体外培养液pH略有降低,但均保持在6～7的正常范围内。酚类物质有助于减缓36h内的产气速度,降低氨氮浓度防止氨的过度释放,抑制原虫的量,增加进入真胃的蛋白质。4.酚类物质与营养成分、产气量等具有相关关系。TP与T显著正相关,蛋白质结合酚与TP、T显著正相关。TP与NDF、ADF负相关,与CA、NDS正相关;T与NDF、NDS、ADF、CA显著相关;缩合单宁与NDF、ADF、NDS显著相关。各时间点的产气量与TP、T、CT、EE、NDF、ADF、ADL负相关,与CP、Ash、HC、NDS正相关。酚类物质与产气量、干物质消化率和原虫的增加显著相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 The 10 species of alpine plant including 3 herbage species and 7 shrub species were collected from Tianzhu alpine meadows (altitude ranges from 2900 to 4300m) located in eastern-part of the Qilian Mountains on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China. The reserch was conducted to study phenols content(such as total phenol, simple phenol, tannin, condense tannin in the leaves),chemincal compounds and analysis the biology evalutation by in vitro gas production and PEG combined method.The correlation of phenols content,chemincal compounds and gas production were analysised.The main results were showed as follows:1. The content of total phenol in Rhododendron capitatum,Rhododendron thymifolium,Polygonum sibiricum Laxm, Polygonum viviparum, Potentilla fruticosa and Rhododendron anthopogonoides was higher in the ten plants, it was 62.66g/kg,53.35g/kg, 46.67g/kg, 44.01g/kg,43.46g/kg and 41.79g/kg, respectively.Tannin of the plants was between 4.99~40.62g/kg, Rhododendron capitatum was the highest and Berberos kansuensis the lowest.Condense tannin was between 1.86~26.61g/kg,the highest was Rhododendron capitatum and the lowest was Berberos kansuensis.The percent of total phenols which precipitate protein of Polygonum viviparum, Potentilla fruticosa, Rhododendron capitatum, Polygonum sibiricum Laxm was 68.80%,63.82%,50.33%, 50.23%,respectively,and Berberos kansuensis the lowest was only 28.57%.2.The chemical content of the ten alpine plants was on dry matter basis.Crude protein was among 6.48~19.89%, Polygonum viviparum(19.89%) and Potentilla fruticosa(19.70%) were higher, Rhododendron capitatum(6.48%) was the lowest. Aether extract was among 2.11~11.51%,Rhododendron capitatum(11.51%) and Rhododendron thymifolium (9.97%) were higher than others.Proline content was 0.12~0.84%, Polygonum viviparum and Polygonum sibiricum Laxm were higher than other plants(p<0.01).3.The research analysised the biology evalutation of ten alpine plants by the gas production and PEG combined methods.After 96h incubation,the gas production of Polygonum macrophyllum D.Don, Salix cupularis, Sibiraea angustata, Berberos kansuensis,Polygonum viviparum,Polygonum sibiricum Laxm was higher than others. With the addition of PEG,pH maintained in the normal level of 6~7,though it was declined.Comparaed with PEG addition group,phenols could slower the gas production rate within 36h,and declined the NH3-N to prevent the ammonia release, increased the protein which passed through the rumen.4.Phenols content,nutrition contenta and gas production were correlativity.There was significant relationship between total phenol and tannin, protein precipitable phenol and total phenol,tannin.TP had significant negative correlation with NDF,ADF,and positive correlation with CA,NDS. T had significant correlation with NDF, NDS,ADF,CA. CT had significant correlation with NDF,ADF,NDS.Gas production had significant minus correlation with TP,T,CT,EE,NDF,ADF,ADL,and had contrary correlation with CP,Ash, HC and NDS.Phenol content had significant correlation with the changes of gas production,dry matter digestion and protozoa.更多还原