【作者】 李鹏；

【导师】 张庆华；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 水利水电工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 我国是一个农业大国,农业是国民经济的基础。搞好农业不仅关系到解决十几亿人口的吃饭问题,而且关系到整个国民经济和社会的发展。其中,引黄灌区对我国农业的发展发挥了重要作用。我国引黄灌区虽然对农业生产发挥了巨大的作用,但由于水源不足、用水浪费、灌区管理体制不畅、资金投入不足、工程配套和维修不能及时完成以及效益衰退等,影响了灌区的正常运行,阻碍了灌区的可持续发展。本课题通过对我国灌溉农业现状和发展的调查与分析,得出我国灌区建立和运行过程中存在的问题。根据调查我国引黄灌区的现状,分别分析黄河水资源的利用情况和引黄灌区的概况。并以山东省簸箕李引黄灌区、小开河引黄灌区和韩墩引黄灌区为调研对象,采取了实地考察、查阅灌区原始资料和统计汇总的方法,对这些引黄灌区的工程建设情况、资金投入和产出情况与管理体制等进行了详细的阐述。总结了引黄灌区现阶段所出现的问题、急需解决的问题,并提出制约灌区可持续发展的因素为工程因素、生态环境因素、发展资金因素和组织因素。从国内和国外两个方面阐述了可持续理论、农业可持续发展理论的产生和发展以及根据灌区的特点提出了灌区可持续发展的内涵。灌区可持续发展的内涵包括经济的持续性、工程的持续性、生态的持续性和社会的持续性;并提出灌区的可持续发展就是灌区工程可持续性、灌区生态可持续性、灌区经济可持续性和灌区社会可持续性的有机统一。着重分析了引黄灌区可持续发展资金和水价的组成,详细研究了现行的成本水价、两部制水价的组成和核算方法,以及可持续发展水价的内涵与核算方法,提出可持续发展水价由资源成本、工程成本、环境成本、利润和税收五部分组成,但是用于灌区可持续发展水价时,只有资源成本、工程成本和利润三部分组成。并从政策法规、征收方法等方面分析了灌区水费征收的体制。分析了引黄灌区可持续发展内部和外部资金来源渠道,并分别提出了引黄灌区可持续发展的内部及外部资金保障措施,最后提出了灌区可持续发展的资金管理机制的特点、内涵,作用等。其内涵包括建立灌区资金投入激励机制、多渠道增加资金投入、积极扩大对外开放、继续深化水利改革等。其作用包括减少灌区可持续发展建设项目实施中的不确定性,为项目的顺利实施提供所需的稳定性、有利于灌区人力资本的积极性和创造力的发挥、提高灌区可持续发展资金投入的效益、创新机制与规范化管理结合,为实现监督和可持续发展提供保障。更多还原

【Abstract】 Our country is a big agricultural country and agriculture is the foundation of the national economy. It not only has a bearing up on the dinning problems of more than one billion population, but also on the national economy and social development. The irrigation districts of the Yellow River Basin thereinto have vital function on the agricultural development. Although the irrigation districts of the Yellow River Basin play an important role in the agricultural development in our country, the running of gear of irrigation districts have been influenced and the sustainable development of irrigation districts have been embarrassed because of scarcity of resource, draggling of management system in irrigation districts, lacking fund devotion, new projects and project servicing can’t achieve in time and beneficial decline etc.The subsistent problems of the foundation and function of irrigation districts has been educed though the problem research and analysis of actuality and development of irrigated farming in our country. Based the research on irrigation districts of the Yellow River Basin, the general situation of water resource in Yellow River and irrigation districts of the Yellow River Basin have been analyzed separately. Take Bojili, Xiaokaihe and Handun irrigation districts of the Yellow River Basin in Shandong province for example, methods such as examining on the spot, reading the primordial data of irrigation districts, Stat. and collecting have been used, and the instance of engineering building, fund devotion, fund output and management system of the irrigation districts of the Yellow River Basin have been expounded detailedly. The arisen and in dire need of problems of the irrigation districts of the Yellow River Basin, and engineering equation, environment equation, development fund equation and organizing equation that restrict the irrigation districts sustainable development have been summed up.The bringing and development of the sustainable development and agricultural sustainable development theory have been expounded from domestic and overseas, and the connotation of irrigation districts sustainable development has been put forward based on the own characteristics of irrigation districts. The connotation of irrigation districts sustainable development includes the durative of economic, the durative of engineering, the durative of zoology and the durative of society. And the irrigation districts sustainable development is the organic unification of engineering sustainable, zoology sustainable, economy sustainable and society sustainable and they have been put forward.The fund of irrigation districts of the Yellow River Basin sustainable development and the composing of water-rate have been analyzed and emphasized. The actual cost of water rate, two-parts-system of water rate, and the connotation and the computation methods of sustainable development of water rate have been researched detailedly. The sustainable development of water rate includes resource cost, engineering cost, environment cost, profit and revenue. With sustainable development water rate of irrigation districts, it includes resource cost, engineering cost and profit. The system of water rate collection of irrigation districts has been analyzed from policy rule of law, collection methods etc.The sustainable development fund source of irrigation districts of the Yellow River Basin from inside and outside have been introduced separately. The guarantee measure of fund in irrigation districts of the Yellow River Basin from inside and outside have been put forward. The characteristic, connotation, effect and so on of fund management system in irrigation districts sustainable development have been put forward finally. Its connotation includes the fund devotion bestirred system, added fund devotion from many channels, enlarged foreign opening actively, and deepened water conservancy reform unceasingly etc. And its action includes the indetermination on the construction item actualization of irrigation districts sustainable development reducing, the stability for carrying into execution all right of the items needed supplying, in favor of the exerting of enthusiasm and creativity of manpower capital in irrigation districts, the benefit of fund devotion of irrigation districts sustainable development advancing, the combination of innovation system and standardization management, the guarantee for intendance and sustainable development coming true supplying .更多还原