高性能工程塑料共混改性的研究

【作者】 范雪蕾；

【导师】 谢刚；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 工程塑料具有优异的力学性能，因此广泛应用于汽车部件、机械部件、电子电气部件等工业领域。工程塑料的改性就是向被改性的塑料材料(合成树脂)中添加合适的改性剂，采用一定的加工成型工艺，从而制得具有新颖结构特征、能够满足使用性能要求的新型塑料材料和制品。工程塑料改性方法有化学改性和物理改性两种方法。聚甲醛(POM)是五大工程塑料之一，综合性能优异，尤其是摩擦磨耗性能优良，因此最适用于作机械、电动机、电子电器用零件的转动部位材料。本文确定综合性能优异的POM为基础树脂，加入玻璃纤维和碳纤维增强、加入增韧剂增韧、加入成核剂改变其结晶度。利用正交实验设计得到共混改性POM的最佳配方，制备出标准试样，并且进行弯曲强度(σ_w)、弯曲模量(E_w)、冲击强度(I)、拉伸强度(σ_f)以及硬度(H_D)的测试和分析。本方案研制的高性能共混改性清扫刷刷苗性能达到了国内外同类产品的水平，具有较好的推广应用价值。玻璃纤维和碳纤维是两种增强材料，本文用玻璃纤维和碳纤维混杂增强基体树脂POM，对标准试样进行测试，然后分析两种纤维的混杂出现了混杂效应。并用差示扫描热量仪(DSC)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对共混体系的相容性、微观形貌等作了表征。更多还原

【Abstract】 The engineering plastics is provided with outstanding mechanical properties,therefore be widely applied in automotive parts, mechanical parts, electronic electriccomponents and so on industrial. The modification of the engineering plastics is thatappropriate modifier is added in plastic materials (synthetic resin), definite formingprocessing technology is adopted, to obtain novelty structural feature and could satisfydemand of reuseability. The ways of modification of the engineering plastics has two:one is chemical modification, the other is physical modification. Polyoxymethylene isone of five engineering plastics which has excellent combined properties, especiallyexcellent friction behavior, therefore widely be applied in rotation parts of mechanical,electric motors, electric appliance accessories.In this paper POM is determined as base resin, the glassfiber and the carbon fiberare joinend to enhance, the toughener is acceded to toughen, the nucleator is entered tochange its crystallinity. Experimental design of orthogonal table is made use of whichcould obtain optimum formulation and the modification of the engineering plastics,reference test block is obtained. Also, testing and analysis of bending strength(σ_f), bending modulus (E_w),tensible strength (σ_t), impact strength (I), as well ashardness (H_D) is carried through. The seedling of sweeps clear brushes we developedthrough co-blend modification have met the same quality of their counterparts abroad,having remarkable advantage on application and achieved at the homogeneous productshome and abroad.Glass fiber and carbon fiber are two reinforcing materials. In this paper glass fiberand carbon fiber are utilized to enhance POMwhich was regarded as resin. Also, testingand analysis of standard sample is carried through. The hybrid of two fibers is analyzedto study if it appeared the hybrid effect. And the compatibility of blending system and microphology are characterized with differential scanning calorimetry and scanningelectron microscope.更多还原