碳纳米管在低密度聚乙烯基体中的形态研究

【作者】 吴捷；

【导师】 赵东宇；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 碳纳米管(CNTs)具有优异的物理和力学性能,在诸多领域具有广阔的应用前景,其中一个重要领域是以碳纳米管作为增强相,制备具有较强力学性能、电学性能和热学性能的复合材料。但尚存在工艺复杂、成本高产量低、碳纳米管不纯净易于团聚、碳纳米管在基体中不易取向、基体和增强相之间界面结合力较差等问题有待解决。本文以低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)为基体,以多管壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)为增强材料合成复合材料。通过超声、搅拌和密炼等工艺,使MWNTs在聚乙烯基体中达到比较理想的分散,借助自制模具制备了具有一定取向程度的碳纳米管/聚乙烯纳米复合材料。利用FEI sirion扫描电子显微镜对MWNTs的分散程度进行观测,定性分析了成型工艺对分散性的影响。本论文测试了不同含量MWNTs的样品的拉伸强度、弹性模量及冲击强度等,分析了不同含量的MWNTs对复合材料热性能和力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,MWNTs在LDPE中分散性较好,具有一定的取向度,复合材料的力学性能和热性能良好,同时说明本实验所采用的碳纳米管在聚乙烯基体中的分散方法是有效的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Owing to their unique and superior physical and mechanical properties, CNTs (Carbon nanotubes) hold a great promise of extensive applications in various fields. Among others,CNTs have been thought as a very promising candidate as the ideal reinforcing materianls for advanced composites with good thermal,electrical and mechanical properties. But there were lots of problem to solve,such as the technology is complex,the cost is high but the yield is low,impurity in matrix tend to form aggregates,it isn’t easy to align for CNTs,there isn’t a strong adhesion between CNTs and polymeric matrix.In this thesis,MWNTs (multe-walled carbon nanotubes) /LDPE (low-density polyethylene) composites was prepared with LDPE as matrix and MWNTs as intensifier. MWNTs were dispersed ideally through technology of supersonic,stir and banburying. And MWNTs /LDPE composite was dispersed by mold that made by ourself to enhance the alignment. The degree of dispersion was tested and probed with FEI sirion SEM,at the same time the effect shaping process on dispersion was analysised. The tensile strength and elastic modulus of specimen were characterized by tensile machine. The Izod impact tests were performed using acute notched specimens. The effect different content of MWNTs on thermal and mechanical properties of composites were discussed.It can be concluded from the report that MWNTs in LDPE has some dispersion and oriention,and the mechanical properties of the composites have increase when compared pure LDPE. That also indicate the technology that used dispersion and alignment of MWNTs in LDPE is available更多还原