【作者】 孙玉玲；

【导师】 颜事龙；

【作者基本信息】 安徽理工大学 ， 应用化学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,延期药控制点火和起爆技术在民用爆破工程领域中的应用获得了迅速的发展。然而延期药的延期精度不高,使工程爆破中的延时目的和设计无法实现,因此提高延期药的燃烧精度势在必行。实验采用高速摄像技术和压电式压力传感器以及自制的温度传感器对硅系延期药的燃烧速率、燃烧输出压强及燃烧温度进行了测量。为评价延期药的燃烧精度提供了新的表征方法,为分析延期药的燃烧机理及优化延期药的配方打下了基础。实验表明:(1)通过高速摄像实验,可清晰的观测到硅系延期药脉动燃烧的过程,该现象具有明显的非线性振荡燃烧特性,同时可以计算出燃烧波阵面瞬时速率和平均速率和延期药燃烧时脉动幅值。因而高速摄像技术用于研究延期药的燃烧过程,为研究延期药的燃烧状态及参数提供了一种新的表征方法,可以用来定性的评价延期药的燃烧精度。(2)通过模拟密闭爆发器测量延期药燃烧的输出压强,分析了压强场的变化,实验表明,适当的增加延期药的密度,有利于提高延期药燃烧精度,因而该法也可以评价延期药的燃烧精度问题,也是研究延期药燃烧特性的一种新的表征方法。(3)通过不同的热电偶测量了硅系延期药的燃烧温度,并对温度场进行了分析,比较了两种热电偶的特点,对延期药的燃烧最高温度进行了拟合,得出实验测量值与实验拟合值的最高燃烧温度与理论值都有很大的差距,这可能是由于实验和理论计算假设条件存在差异,所以用实验方法来测量延期药的燃烧温度可能比计算更重要。通过对延期药燃烧温度的测量,可以更好分析延期药的燃烧机理,因而有利于寻找影响延期药燃烧精度的内在因素,进而研制出高精度的延期药。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, great development has taken place in delay-composition controlling ignition and initiation technology between Military and civilian fields. whereas, the delay accuracy of delay-composition has been not perfected, which has caused much loss, so that improving delay accuracy would be imperative under the situation. Through measuring varieties characters of delay-composition, getting optimization delay accuracy has important meaning.Through introducing high speed photography-technology, piezoelectric force transducer and home-made temperature sensor, we had measured combustion velocity, combustion pressure and combustion temperature of silicon delay composition. Above done things, we have offerred a new characteristic method, and further analyzed combustion mechanism of delay accuracy and optimization delay-composition.Experimentative conclusion:(1) Through high speed photography-technology test, we has clearly memorized the whole combustion course, which is obviously indicate nonlinear rough burning. We have not only work out instantaneous and average velocities of combustion Shockwave, but also measure ripple amplitude of delay-composition combustion basing on the above test. So that high speed photography-technology has been offered a new method to study the combustion course of delay composition, and to appraise the combustion accuracy of delay-composition.(2) Through simulating closed bomb vessel, combustion pressure of delay composition can be measured, and the change of combustion pressure field can be analyzed. Tests make know that with increasing delay-composition’s density and pressure, the accuracy of delay-composition combustion has been great improved.So that the method can appraise combustion accuracy of delay-composition, and can be as a new characteristic method of it.(3) Through measuring the temperature of silicon delay-composition combustion by different of thermocouples, and analyzing temperature field, and comparing advantage and disadvantage of the two thermocouples, and making data fitting by the tip-top temperature, we have concluded that great disparity in the tiptop temperature between test value and test data fitting. Because the kinds of cause is included in experiment, the temperature of the delay composition by experiment is admissible. Combustion mechanism can be analysed through temperature testing of the delay composition,so the intrinsic factor of the combustion accuracy of the delay composition is found and development the high accuracy delay-composition.更多还原