【作者】 侯向锋；

【导师】 刘蓉；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 电路与系统， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 步态识别即通过人走路的姿势实现对个人身份的识别和认证。作为一种生物特征，步态具有不受距离影响、非侵犯性、难以伪装、受环境影响小等独特的优点，因而近年来倍受关注。国内外对步态识别已经做了大量的研究工作，但目前仍处于研究阶段，还没有成熟的产品出现。本文设计并实现了可穿戴的运动加速度无线采集系统，进而研究了基于人正常行走时的三维运动加速度的步态识别。本文首先对步态识别的发展现状进行了研究，然后提出了一种运动加速度信号无线采集的有效方法，并设计出了由三轴加速度传感器MMA7260和内嵌8051的无线收发芯片CC1010组成的运动加速度信号无线采集系统。该采集系统主要由发射和接收两大模块组成。发射模块由MMA7260捕获三维的运动加速度信号，经CC1010的内置模数转换器对其进行A/D采样和转换后，就得到了运动加速度的特征数据，然后将其无线发送给接收部分。接收模块利用CC1010的无线接收功能，实时地接收数据，同时通过串口把步态特征数据送入计算机。进而，利用计算机实现对运动加速度数据的实时处理。本文利用运动加速度信号无线采集系统建立了一个运动加速度数据库，该库包含36个测试对象，每个测试对象有5组数据，总共180组数据。本文采用最近邻算法进行步态识别。首先对运动加速度数据库中的数据进行去噪、归一化等预处理，然后从时域和频域两个角度分别提取步态特征，并根据得到的步态特征用最近邻算法进行步态识别，取得的等误差率分别为12.6％和22.2％。本文的基于运动加速度的步态识别方法与主流的基于计算机视觉的步态识别方法截然不同，与那些把传感器安装在地板中的步态识别方法也有较大的差异。实验表明，基于运动加速度的步态识别具有一定的识别效果，是生物特征识别领域中一个新的尝试，具有较大的实用价值和研究意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gait recognition refers to automatic identification of an individual based on his/her walking style. As one of biometrics, gait has the unique advantages of being distant recognition, non-invasive, difficult to conceal and obtained without a walker’s attention. So the research of human gait, as well as its development as a biometric for identification purpose is currently an active research area. A lot of research on the gait recognition has been done in the domestic and foreign, but the research is just at beginning, and there is no prefect product.This thesis presents an improved method for gait recognition based on 3D kinematic acceleration signal. The kinematic acceleration data is collected using a portable device which can be attached to a person’s waist, where it detects the waist’s movement in horizontal, vertical and sideway direction as the person walks. The data is used in an attempt to authenticate the walking person.At first, the state of the art of gait recognition is studied. Then this thesis presents an effective method for wireless gathering kinematic acceleration signal, and designs the wireless gathering system for kinematic acceleration signal, which is composed of the 3D accelerometer MMA7260 and CC1010, a RF transceiver chip with 8051 compatible microcontroller. The wireless gathering system is mainly made up of the transmitting module and the receiving module. In the transmitting module, after capturing the 3D kinematic acceleration signal through MMA7260, the signal is sampled and converted to the characteristic data via the built-in ADC of CC1010. Then the gait characteristic data is wirelessly transmitted. At the same time the receiving module wirelessly receives the data and sends them to the computer through serial port. Then the kinematic acceleration data is processed in real time.The thesis creates a database of kinematic acceleration using the wireless gathering system. The database contains 36 test subjects and 180 groups of data.The thesis discusses a method of gait recognition based on the nearest neighbor algorithm. After the preprocessing of the kinematic acceleration data, such as denoising and normalizing, the thesis extracts gait feature of time domain and frequency domain and applies two kinds of algorithms, time domain algorithm and frequency domain algorithm, to verify his/her identity. Then the equal error rates of 12.6% and 22.2% are achieved, respectively.The method presented differs significantly from the mainstream gait recognition research relying on computer vision or sensors installed in the floor. The gait recognition based on the kinematic acceleration signal is proved to have certain recognition ability, which is a new attempt in the biometric recognition domain, is of great practical value and research significance.更多还原