【作者】 曾晖；

【导师】 邹晓庭；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 农业推广， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本课题以商品代肉鸡为对象，研究了日粮中添加“申江一号”中草药添加剂对肉鸡生长性能、抗病能力和肉质等方面的影响，并探讨了“申江一号”中草药添加剂替代抗生素的可能性。选择健康商品代AA苗鸡500羽(公母混养)。随机分为5个处理组，每组100羽。每处理组设4个重复，每个重复25羽。试验1组为空白对照组，饲喂基础日粮，不添加任何抗生素和中草药；试验2组为抗生素对照组，添加50mg／kg的金霉素；试验3、4、5组分别在基础饲料中添加0.1％、0.2％、0.3％的”申江一号”中草药添加剂。饲养试验分前期和后期两个阶段进行，前期0-3周龄，后期4-6周龄。试验期间自由采食、饮水，0-2周龄育雏期室温控制在33-35℃，以后每周下降2℃，从第五周开始维持在21-23℃；前期每日光照24小时，后期周每日光照23小时。免疫按照常规饲养管理要求进行。饲养42天后，每重复选取4只体重相近的试验鸡(公母各2只)，共80只，按常规方法进行屠宰和胴体分割，并取胸肌和腿肌测定肌肉品质，测定pH值、肉色、嫩度、肌肉水分、肌肉蛋白质、肌间脂肪。饲养试验结果表明，在日粮中添加0.2％的中草药组平均日增重和料重比与对照组相比，分别相应提高了3.03％(P＜0.05)，料重比降低4.13％(P＜0.05)。屠宰试验表明，中草药处理组2的半净膛率显著低于其它各处理组(P＜0.05)；中草药处理1、2、3组的全净膛率显著高于对照组，也显著高于金霉素组(P＜0.05)，金霉素组与对照组之间没有显著的差异。中草药处理1、2、3组的腿肌率、胸肌率显著高于处理对照组(P＜0.05)，与金霉素组之间则没有显著的差异(P＞0.05)，其中中草药处理组2最高。各组腹脂率之间没有明显的差异。肉质检测表明各处理组的肌肉pH值、肉色、肌肉蛋白质差异不显著(P＞0.05)，但其中中草药各组与金霉素组之间差异显著(P＜0.05)；处理2组的肌间脂肪、肌肉嫩度显著高于其它各处理组(P＜0.05)，而肌肉水分显著低于其它各处理组(P＜0.05)。抗病试验的结果显示，采用0.2％“申江一号”中草药添加剂饲喂对仔鸡可显著降低接种大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌所致的仔鸡死亡率，其效果明显好于抗生素罗红霉素。0.2％的“申江一号”中草药添加剂，具有明显的预防鸡常见的大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌感染的作用。0.2％“申江一号”中草药添加剂可替代抗生素金霉素，防治由大肠杆菌引发的疾病；高剂量组(0.3％)防治效果明显好于金霉素，可作为治疗剂量。总之，在饲料中添加0.2％“申江一号”中草药添加剂，能提高肉鸡生长性能，改善肉鸡胴体品质，提高肉鸡防病能力，可以起到替代饲料抗生素的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Chinese herbs feed additive "SHENGJIANG No. 1" on growth performance, ability of anti-disease, meat quality of broilers, and also studied the possibility of replace antibiotic with "SHENGJIANG No. 1" in broiler’s feed.The experiment was divided to early period and later period. 500 1-day AA broilers (healthy commercial broilers in the mixed-sex) were allocated randomly into 5 groups with 100 broilers per group. Each group had 4 replicates and per replicate with 25 broilers. Group 1 was fed basal diet without antibiotic and Chinese herb feed additive as control, group 2 was fed basal diets adding 50mg/kg chlortetracycline, and group 3, 4, 5 were fed basal diets with 0.1%,0.2% and 0.3% "SHENGJIANG No.1" respectively. All broilers were given access to feed and water ad libitum during the experimental period. Room temperature was controlled at 33-35℃during 0-2 weeks. After that, the temperature declined 2℃per week, and then kept at 21-23℃after 4 weeks. All broilers were given 24 hours of artificial lights in the early period (0-3 weeks) and 23 hours in the later period (4-6weeks). Immunity program was performed according to general management requirement.4 broilers (2 males and 2 females) were selected from each replicates after the feeding experiment, total 80 animals were slaughtered and executed carcass division by routine method, and breast and leg muscles of broilers were selected to measure meat quality including pH, meat color, meat tenderness, the contents of water, protein and fat in muscle.The results of feeding experiment showed that ADG during 0-6 week and F/W ratio in the group adding 0.2% "SHENGJIANG No. 1" were improved 3.03% and 4.13% respectively, compared with that in the control group(P＜0.05%).The result of slaughtering experiment suggested that the HPTP of broilers in "SHENJIANG No.1" group 2 was significantly lower than that in other groups(P＜0.05), the WPTP of broilers in "SHENGJIANG No.1" group 1,2,and 3 were significantly higher than that in control group and chlortetracycline group (P＜0.05), while there was no difference between control group and chlortetracycline group. The breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate in "SHENJIANG No.1" group 1,2,and 3 were significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05), there was no difference between control group and chlortetracycline group(P＞0.05) while "SHENJIANG No.1" group 2 had highest breast muscle rat and leg muscle rate. There is no difference in average fat rate among groups.Meat quality examination suggested that there were no significant difference among PH values ,meat color ,meat protein content in all groups (P＞0.05) ,however there were significant difference among all "SHENGJIANG No. 1" Chinese herb groups and chlortetracycline group (P＜0.05) .Muscle fat content and muscle tenderness in group 2 significantly higher than that in other groups (P＜0.05) ,while muscle moisture significantly lower than that in other groups (P＜0.05).The results of anti-infection showed that the broilers fed with 0.2% "SHENGJIANG No. 1" had lower mortality rate than that fed with Roxithromycin after inoculated with E.coli. and salmonella. The 0.2%"SHENGJIANG No.1" showed the effect in preventing E.coli. and salmonella infection in broiler chickens. Adding 0.2% "SHENGJIANG No. 1" may substitute chloroteracycline in broiler feed to prevent disease induced by E.coli., and the high dosage group(0.3% "SHENGJIANG No. 1") may be used as treatment dosage due to its better prevention and cure effect than chloroteracycline.In a word, 0.2% "SHENGJIANG No. 1" supplementation can improve the growth performance, carcass quality and anti-disease ability of broilers , exerting the function of replacing antibiotic.更多还原