【作者】 王欣伊；

【导师】 阚振荣；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 微生物学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 西大洋水库是保定市城市居民饮用水水源水，在2004年对其进行了为期一年的藻类数量和种类调查的基础上，本文继续对其藻类存在状况进行调查，并对两年的数据进行分析比较，发现藻体种类基本稳定：即全年以绿藻、硅藻为主，在7-9月份会出现一个蓝藻种类数量的小高潮。藻数量方面，2005年藻体数量整体较2004年低，但仍值得进一步加强治理。同时对石家庄市城市居民饮用水水源水进行了初步的调查。在调查的基础上还对西大洋水库表层水中的蓝藻进行分离，本文共分离出8种蓝藻，分别为银灰平裂藻(Merismopedia glauca)、美丽颤藻(Oscillatoria formosa)、大螺旋藻(Spirulina maior)、清净颤藻(Oscillatoria sancta)、两栖颤藻(Oscillatoria amphibia)、窝形席藻(Phormidium faveolarum)和两个未定种。颤藻是容易形成水华的藻种，螺旋藻和以前分离的念珠藻属于有很大开发潜力的经济藻种，本文选择以上三种藻进行生物学特性分析。发现蓝藻适宜在中性的环境下生存，缺磷元素会限制蓝藻生长，在本实验条件下只有适宜的光照(1500Lux，24h连续光照)才能促进藻体生长。本文还验证了念珠藻具有固氮特性，适合在固体培养基上生长。本文尝试摸索了生物抑藻的方法，考查了细菌对藻、真菌对藻、藻与藻之间的抑制作用。实验证明选取的12种代表性细菌，均未对藻有明显的抑制作用。在4种丝状真菌中，黑曲霉和总状毛霉有明显的抑藻作用，产黄青霉表现出一定的抑制性，黑根霉实验未得到明显的抑藻效果，实验结果有待于进一步的完善。实验中的4种藻相互之间存在不同程度的生长抑制作用，所表现的生长优势由强到弱依次为栅藻＞美丽颤藻＞螺旋藻＞念珠藻。更多还原

【Abstract】 Xidayang reservoir was the source water of Baoding city inhabitant drinking water. In 2004 the species and amount of it had been studied for one year, in the base of it, this paper continued studying the existence of algae in the source water, and the data of two years were compared .The result showed that the species in the source water of Baoding were steady . Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta were master algae in whole year. From July to September the species and amount of Cyanophyta would have a wave. The algae number in 2005 was fewer than that of 2004, but it was worth further governing still. In the same time the source water of Shijiazhuang city inhabitant drinking water was studied firstly.In the base of research, the algae in the source water of Baoding were separated and identified. 8 species of Cyanophyta were separated. They were Merismopedia glauca、Oscillatoria formosa、Spirulina maior、Oscillatoria sancta、Oscillatoria amphibia、Phormidiumfaveolarum and two determined algae.Oscillatoria was the species easy to form bloom, Spirulina and Nostoc which separated before both had large economic potential. This paper chose them to studied their biologic characteristics. The result showed that Cyanophyta was adapted to living in the neutral environment, lacking phosphorus could restrain its growth, in this experiment fitting illumination(1500Lux, 24h continuous illumination) accelerated the growth of Cyanophyta. This paper also validated the Nostoc of the experiment had nitrogen fixation.This paper attempted to find biological method to restrain the growth of algae. Allelopathy of bacteria-algae、fungus-algae algae-algae were firstly studied. The result showed that the 12 species of bacteria in the experiment had no obvious effect. Aspergillus niger and Mucor rouxianus of 4 species of fungi in the experiment restrained algae in some degree. The four algae were chose to make mix cultivating and individual cultivating showed that they were inhabiting each other. The superiority in order were Scenedesmus > Oscillatoria > Spirulina > Nostoc, the front inhabited the behind.更多还原