【作者】 吴向波；

【导师】 尹慧道；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 档案学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 彩色照片档案是我国目前档案馆馆藏的声像档案中一个重要组成部分。彩色照片档案通过特殊的记录材料和特殊的记录方式蕴藏着大量的档案影像信息，其特点是分辨率高、影像稳定、利用方便。在今后很长的一段时间内，彩色照片档案的比例仍会明显增加。研究彩色照片档案的耐久性，是档案保护技术领域的一个重要课题。随着照相机技术的发展，数码相机取代机械相机趋势日益明显；彩色影像化学显影技术和彩色影像喷墨打印技术的优势各有千秋。本论文以机械相机拍摄冲洗的彩色照片、数码相机拍摄冲洗的彩色照片和数码相机拍摄喷墨打印的彩色照片三种不同形成原理的彩色照片为研究对象，先进行三种彩色照片档案形成原理比较，并设计一系列科学的实验，对它们的耐热性、耐湿性、耐光性和耐氧化性进行比较，有着重要的现实意义。本论文设计构思由以下几个部分组成：1、三种彩色照片档案成像原理比较、显像原理比较以及应用性比较；2、三种彩色照片耐久性下降内因分析；3、三种彩色照片耐久性下降外因分析；4、三种彩色照片耐久性下降的判定依据；5、三种彩色照片72小时、144小时高温老化前后色差值比较和分析；6、三种彩色照片72小时、144小时高湿老化前后色差值比较和分析；7、三种彩色照片72小时、360小时紫外光老化前后色差值比较和分析；8、三种彩色照片冷裱膜处理后72小时、360小时紫外光老化前后色差值比较和分析；9、三种彩色照片热塑膜处理后72小时、360小时紫外光老化前后色差值比较和分析；10、三种彩色照片72小时、144小时强氧化剂老化前后色差值比较和分析；11、三种彩色照片72小时、144小时自然条件老化前后色差值比较和分析；通过一系列实验得出比较重要的结论：1、无论三种彩色照片的成像原理和显像原理如何先进，所有染料为色素成分的彩色影像均是不耐久的制成材料，这取决于染料分子发色原理；2、三种彩色照片在不耐久的共性下，其染料分子的成分和成像方法有所不同，因而对不同外界环境损害有不同反应，相比数码相机拍摄喷墨打印的彩色照片最差，数码相机拍摄冲洗的彩色照片最好；3、三种彩色照片在恶化实验条件下，其染料分子的成分和影像色泽的配比均有所不同，因而对不同外界环境损害有不同反应，相比耐热性和耐光性较差，耐湿性较好。4、在实际档案库房管理中，彩色照片影像的退变不能低估。自然环境中的不利因素对其有综合的损坏效应。5、要延长彩色照片档案的利用寿命，必须对进馆彩色照片先进行热塑膜加膜处理，聚氯乙烯高分子合成的热塑保护膜结构致密，能有够较好的防热、防湿、防光和防有害气体的作用。6、要延长彩色照片档案的利用寿命，必须对进馆的彩色照片多备份复制，可以是负片影像、照片影像、电子影像等形式保存。更多还原

【Abstract】 Colorful photographic archives is the most important makeup in the part ofaudio-visual archives conserved in our archives all of the country at the present time.With the special record material and through unordinary record mode, colorfulphotographic archives contain lots of image information, and the information has thecharacteristic of clarity, stability and convenience in using. In a long time following,the proportion of colorful photographic archives will augment markedly. The researchon the endurance of colorful photographic archives is a significant question fordiscussion in archives protection technology field.With the development of the photographic technology, the direction of digitalcameras replacing the mechanical cameras is obvious increasingly. Comparing to theadvantage in the colorful photo-develop technology, colorful photo-print technologyalso has his strong print. In this paper the author selects 3 kinds of photographs madeby different means, such as colorful photographs taken by traditional mechanicalcamera, colorful photographs taken by digital camera, colorful digital printphotographs, and first set a contrast in the theories of making 3 kinds of photograph,and designed a series of scientific experiments, to compare the there kinds ofphotograph’s representation durability to heat, humidity, ray and oxidant, so there isbig realism and important meaning.The frame in this paper contains:(1) comparison on imaging principle, raster display principle and appliance of 3kinds of photograph;(2) analyses on the inner causation to decline on durability of 3 kinds ofphotograph;(3) analyses on the exterior causation to decline on durability of 3 kinds ofphotograph;(4) comparison and analyses on the chromatic aberration behaved by 3 kinds ofphotograph after 72 hours and 144 hours’ heat;(5) comparison and analyses on the chromatic aberration behaved by 3 kinds ofphotograph after 72 hours and 144 hours’ damping;(6) comparison and analyses on the chromatic aberration behaved by 3 kinds ofphotograph after 72 hours and 360 hours’ irradiation; (7) comparison and analyses on the chromatic aberration behaved by 3 kinds ofphotograph after 72 hours and 360 hours’ irradiation;(8) comparison and analyses on the chromatic aberration after 72 hours and 360hours’ irradiation behaved by 3 kinds of photograph, which were back up withmembrane in cold mode;(9) comparison and analyses on the chromatic aberration after 72 hours and 360hours’ irradiation behaved by 3 kinds of photograph, which were back up withmembrane in hot mode;(10) comparison and analyses on the chromatic aberration behaved by 3 kinds ofphotograph after 72 hours and 144 hours’ forcefully oxidation;(11) comparison and analyses on the chromatic aberration behaved by 3 kinds ofphotograph after 72 hours and 144 hours’ aging in outside circumstance.Through these experiments, we could get some conclusions as follows:(1) No matter what kind of imaging principle and raster display principle of the 3kinds of photograph, all kinds of colorful images which are made by dye are notlasting items, and this lies on the luminescence principles of dye’s molecule;(2) Under the commonness of weak durability of 3 kinds of photograph, themolecule of dye and the image principle are different from each other, so they reactdissimilarly to outer circumstance. In comparison, colorful digital print photographsare the worst, and the colorful photographs taken by digital camera are the best;(3) In the condition of labefaction, the dye molecule of 3 kinds of photograph andthe image’s color compound are unlike, so they reacted differently to the damaging inout circumstance. In comparison there durability to heat is the worst, while tohumidity they behave best;(4) In actual management in archives, we can’t underestimate the fade of colorfulimages. The promiscuous factors in surroundings can make compensative affection tothose images;(5) To prolong the colorful images’ life, we must back up the images with hotmembrane, which is composed by polyethylene and it has compact configuration,with all-right anti-heat, anti-humidity, anti-sunburn and can segregate to nocuous gas;(6) To prolong the using time in colorful photograph archives, we must makeseveral Copies to those images, those copies can be negative image, photographs,electronic images, etc.更多还原