【作者】 魏鹏；

【导师】 刘彤；

【作者基本信息】 石河子大学 ， 植物学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 针对当前植物离体繁殖成功物种数目较少、生根率低、生长质量不高等问题提出植物在试管内的生长不仅是细胞全能性能否表达的问题,更是如何获取可塑性反应、适应环境的过程。试管植株可塑性能力大小与生长质量紧密相关。论文以模式植物拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)和难生根的经济木本植物香梨(Pyrus sinkiangensis Yü)为材料,以植物适应为中心建立理论和培养基调控技术研究体系,得出:1.不同N,P,K营养含量的培养基中,部分处理拟南芥试管苗能够顺利进入生殖生长期,且能开花结果,表明离体条件下拟南芥对营养需求存在可塑性反应,合理搭配营养元素组成对提高试管苗相对适合度具积极作用。2.结合当前研究的热点基本培养基优化,以表型可塑性机理为指导对培养基中N,P,K,Ca,Mg五种营养元素进行调配,得到生根率都在90%以上的配方S14:620 mgl-1 NH4NO3+740 mgl-1KNO3+40 mgl-1MgSO4+0 mgl-1 Ca(NO3)2与G1:1769.4 mgl-1 NH4NO3+800.9 mgl-1KNO3+496 mgl-1MgSO4+398.6 mgl-1 Ca(NO3)2。3.植物在试管内的表型反应属于人为调控下的“非本性生长”(如生根还是增殖)与植物自身发育属性下的“本性生长”(如叶片行使光合功能)交互作用的产物,离体条件下优先生根是其本性特性,因此具有较高生根率的试管苗应是良好适应性的展现。以香梨(Pyrus sinkiangensis Yü)为材料,论证了分析植株营养成分折合成培养基是适合生根而非增殖,且分析生根率大于95%的S12,S14试管苗的营养成分折合成基本培养基,得到了生根率仍然大于92%的配方S12-2,S14-2。表型可塑性是离体植物生长发育的基础,本研究仅从培养基优化的层面分析了试管苗对营养需求的可塑性变化。以表型可塑性为植物离体繁殖原理,重视环境变化来调控试管苗生长,将为离体繁殖技术丰富和完善提供更加有效的理论指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at irrational problems that the number of species micropropagated successfully is fewer and plantlets have lower rooting rate and growth quality occurred in propagation in vitro, we advance the production and differentiation of phenotype of in vitro plant refers not only the cell Totiptency can express, but also form a process that how to generate plastic response to adapt micro-environment. The ability of phenotypic plasticity of in vitro plant is correlated to the growth quality significantly. Focus on how to adapt the particular environment to guide optimizing basic medium in vitro, following results show out:1. Using Arabidopsis thaliana as experimental material, set different treatments on the concentration of N,P,K, a phenomenon present that plantlets can access to reproductive phase and can blossom out and fruit indeed. This indicate that plantlets will generate plastic response to nutrient demand, a contributing and positive effect will turn up on increasing the fitness of plantlets in vitro if nutrient elements compose reasonably.2. Pyrus sinkiangensis Yüis a economical and woody plant which roots difficultly, collecting current research focus that how to optimize the basic medium and taking Pyrus sinkiangensis Yüas experimental material, change the amount of nutrient elements of N,P,K,Ca,Mg at the guidance of nutrient plasticity principles, then two medias which both rooting rate is above 90% are obtained which labeled as S14:620 mgl-1 NH4NO3+740 mgl-1KNO3+40 mgl-1MgSO4+0 mgl-1 Ca(NO3)2 and G1:1769.4 mgl-1 NH4NO3+800.9 mgl-1KNO3+496 mgl-1MgSO4+398.6 mgl-1 Ca(NO3)2.3. In test tube, plant’s phenotypic response is the interactive result of“non-natural growth”(eg rooting or proliferating? ) under artifical manipulation and“natural growth”(eg leaves will photosynthesize)under self-development property. Rooting firstly for in vitro plant to survive belongs to“natural growth”, therefore, plantlets with higher rooting rate correspond to the excellent adaptive performance. Analyse the nutrient content of plantlets cultured in S12 and S14 that have higher rooting rate above 95% and convert the nutrient data into basic medium, then find out two new medium that rooting rate is above 92% which labeled as S12-2,S14-2.Phenotypic plasticity is foundation of growth and development of in vitro plant, we analyze the plastic change of plantlets to nutrient demand only viewed from optimizing media. Take phenotypic plasticity as guiding principles of in vitro propagation, pay much attention to environmental factors to reform the growth of plantlets, which will supply much efficient theory guidance for increasing and reforming the propagating technology in vitro.更多还原