【作者】 陆勇芹；

【导师】 周文明；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 植物学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 木蹄层孔菌(Fomes fomentarius L.ex.Fr)是一种药用高等真菌,本论文对木蹄层孔菌子实体的化学成分进行了初步研究,并对层孔菌属真菌的化学成分、药理活性以及生物学特性作了简要综述。通过系统预试法对木蹄层孔菌中所含化学成分进行了预试,确定其含有酚性成分,有机酸,糖、多糖和苷类,内酯、香豆素及其苷类,植物甾醇、萜类化合物,蒽醌及其苷类,可能含有鞣质,黄酮类及其苷类。采用MTT法,对木蹄层孔菌石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇提取部位抗肿瘤活性进行了筛选。结果表明:不同提取部位均有不同程度的抑制作用,在测定浓度范围内呈现出良好的剂量依赖性。其中氯仿和乙酸乙酯提取部位对体外培养的Hela细胞抑制作用较强,在浓度为1000.00μg·mL-1时,抑制率分别为77.37%和69.63%;而正丁醇和石油醚提取部位的抑制率较弱,分别为54.35%和26.31%。石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇提取部位IC50值分别为6939.13μg·mL-1,303.08μg·mL-1,337.95μg·mL-1和574.72μg·mL-1。因此认为氯仿和乙酸乙酯提取部位是木蹄层孔菌中抗肿瘤活性的主要部位。采用抑制菌丝生长速率法研究了木蹄层孔菌不同提取部位的抑菌活性。结果表明:只有正丁醇提取物对两种供试病原菌烟草赤星病原菌(Alternaria longipes )、马铃薯干腐病原菌(Fusarium solani)有抑制作用,抑制率分别为68.32%和56.41%。采用溶剂提取、薄层层析、硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析、重结晶等方法,对木蹄层孔菌子实体氯仿提取物进行分离和纯化,得到了5个化合物,经理化鉴定和波谱数据分析,确定了3个化合物的结构。化合物Ⅰ为β-谷甾醇,化合物Ⅱ为麦角甾醇过氧化物(5α,8α-epidioxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol),化合物Ⅳ为麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3-酮ergosta-7,22-dien-3-one。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fomes fomentarius is a medical higher fungi. Chemical constituents of Fomes fomentarius were studied the chemical constituents, medical action, exploitation and biological characteristic of Fomes fomentarius were reviewed.Through preliminary systematic test on Fomes fomentarius, the result indicated that it contains phenols, organic acids, saccharides, polysaccharides and its glycosides, lactone, coumarinic lactone and its glycosides, steroids, triterpenoids, anthraquinones and its glycosides. And it perhaps have vegetable tannins, flavonoids and its glycosides.The anticancer activities in vitro of petroleum ether extract, chloroform extract, ethyal acetate extract and n-butanol extract were screened with MTT method. The result indicated that different extracts had some inhibitory effects against hela cells, and showed significant does-dependent response. Chloroform extract and ethyal acetate extract strongly inhibited cell proliferation of hela cells at the rate of 77.37% and 69.63% when the Concentration is 1000μg·ml^-1;n-butanol extract and petroleum ether extract weakly inhibited at the rate of 54.35% and 26.31%. IC50 value of petroleum ether extract, chloroform extract, ethyal acetate extract and n-butanol extract were 303.083μg·ml^-1,6939.134μg·ml^-1,337.954μg·ml^-1574.715μg·ml^-1. So the chloroform extract and ethyal acetate extract were the principal anticancer extracts from Fomes fomentarius.Inhibition of different extracts against two tested fungi was studied by growth rate method. The result showed that n-butanol extract inhibited Alternaria longipes and Fusarium solani at the rate of 68.32 and 56.41%.Five compounds were isolated from the chloroform extract of Fomes fomentarius by the methods of solvent extraction, thin chromatography, silica gel chromatography, sephadex LH-20, recrystallzation and so on. There of them were identified by methods of 1H–NMR, 13C-NMR and MS asβ-sitosterol （Ⅰ） , [5α,8α-epidioxy-（22E,24R）-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol] （Ⅱ） and ergosta-7,22-dien-3-one （Ⅳ）.更多还原