表现性评价与学生发展之研究

【作者】 李小英；

【导师】 冯生尧；

【作者基本信息】 华南师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 “为了每一位学生的发展”是我国基础教育课程改革的核心理念，这一理念的确立要求原有的、过分关注“甄别与选拔”功能的教育评价体系必须向“关注学生发展”的教育评价体系转变。新课程改革提出的“知识与技能”、“过程与方法”、“情感态度价值观”三大学习目标重新构筑起了新课程改革教育评价的目标维度，成为教育评价实践的指导理念。表现性评价是为测量学习者运用先前所获得的知识解决新异问题或完成特定任务能力的一系列尝试，它很少有唯一正确的或最佳的答案，表现性评价是一种旨在全面真实地评价学生潜力和学业能力的质性评价方法。它侧重评价学生高级思维能力和运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力。本文首先从理论研究入手，在研读大量国内外相关资料后，深刻理解了表现性评价的发展历史，准确把握了表现性评价的理论基础及其特点，再通过几个案例：纽约布朗克斯威尔中学九年级“西方文明”课程的作业任务，初中生的一次体育考核；派纳中学富尔顿谷预备学校“人文课程”的课程设计和“一个在评价中获得成功的学生的故事”来分析说明表现性评价在促进学生知识技能、能力、情感态度价值观等方面的作用。在采用表现性评价对学生进行评价的同时也采用标准化测验对学生进行评价，并把它们对学生发展的促进作用进行对比，从而发现了表现性评价在评价学生高级思维能力、情感态度价值观方面比标准化测验有更大的优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 "For every student’s development" is the core idea of the new fundamentalcurriculum reformation, which requires change from the old education evaluationsystem that focused more on "discrimination and selection" to the new one that"focuses on individual developments". The new curriculum reformation broughtforward three elementary goals, i.e., "knowledge and skill", "process and method"and "emotion, attitude and values", that built up the target of new curriculumreformation evaluation and became the guiding ideology of educational evaluationpractice.Performance Assessment is a series of trials used to measure learners’ability touse learned knowledge to solve new problems or to complete specific tasks. There areno uniquely correct or best answers. Performance Assessment is a quality assessmentmethod in order to evaluate students’ potentials and learning ability. It emphasizesparticularly on assessing the students’ advanced thinking ability and the ability ofusing knowledge to solve actual problems.This paper starts from the theoretical researches, and studies a large number ofdomestic and overseas documents. The author had a profound understanding of thehistory of Performance Assessment, and grasped accurately the basic theory ofPerformance Assessment and its characteristics. A few cases are used to analyze howPerformance Assessment affects students’ development, The cases are: New YorkBanquezwill School ninth grade "Western Civilization" course tasks; Peine SecondaryFulton Valley Preparatory School "the Design of Humanities Courses" and "a story ofthe student who succeed in the assessment". When the author used the PerformanceAssessment to assess students, she also used the standardized tests to assess studentsand compare them in the way how they promote students’ developments. By doingthese she discovered that Performance Assessment has a greater advantage overstandardized tests in assessment of students advanced thinking ability, emotion,attitude and values.更多还原