论《诗经》中的女性意识

【作者】 郝秀荣；

【导师】 于衍存；

【作者基本信息】 延边大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 进入二十一世纪，文学批评理论不断丰富，在《诗经》研究上，将新的批评理论同传统研究方法结合起来，开辟《诗经》研究新天地，是我们面临的课题。文章运用女性主义批评理论，对《诗经》的女性意识进行研究。论述了女性的依附意识、反抗意识、生命意识、家国意识。依附是女性对男性的依恋、留恋，在夫妻分离时以思妇的依恋心态表现出来，当婚姻出现裂痕时，以弃妇的留恋心态表现出来。反抗意识是指女性对婚姻礼制的反抗，表现为未婚女性在婚姻问题上，要求做命运的主人。生命意识，是从情感角度去感悟生命的存在和意义。通过分析女性对生命的思考，阐明了女性生育神圣、生命静美、忧生自怜的生命意识。家国意识是指对父系国家的责任感和参与观念，主要体现在远嫁他乡的贵族女性身上，代表人物是许穆夫人。这些女性意识的产生有外部原因和自身原因，外部原因即社会根源，主要是女性的社会地位由尊变卑，经济地位由平变弱，审美标准由刚变柔；自身原因即心理根源，主要是女性为了追求安全感，摆脱男性的束缚，弥补心理落差。《诗经》女性意识在我国女性意识发展中具有重要贡献，它对“五四”女性意识具有启迪作用。“五四”女性意识的觉醒更多是对《诗经》之后女性的解放，对《诗经》女性意识则是继承与发展。《诗经》时代与“五四”时期在时代特点上的相似，使这种继承成为可能；二者在女性意识内容上的相似，是这种继承的具体表现。二者之间是一种跨越时空的前后相继，这种前后相继最终实现了由《诗经》时代领起，由“五四”时期完成的对男女两性关系的合理定位。更多还原

【Abstract】 Enters for the 21st century, the literary criticism theory isunceasingly rich. It is our topic that we should use the new criticismtheory and traditional research technique to find the new world ofstudying the Book of Songs. This article studied Feminineconsciousness of the Book of Songs by Feminism criticism theory. Itanalyzed female’s Attachment consciousness, Revolt consciousness,Life consciousness and Country consciousness. Attachment meansfemale depended on male. Revolt consciousness means female revoltedmarital rituals of state and wished to become the owner of herself.Life consciousness means female’s thinking about life. It analyzedfemale’s concept of women’s birth, women’s beauty and women’scare for themselves by their thinking about life. Countryconsciousness means female’s responsibility to her hometown who hadmarried far away from her country. The reasons of these Feminineconsciousness’ production came from not only society but alsothemselves. The social reason refer to female’s society statusturned from honored to lowly, economy status turned from equalityto weak, esthetic standard turned from strong to delicate. Thepsychology reason refer to female want to gain security sense, getrid of male’s fetter, compensate psychological disparity. Feminineconsciousness established important status of the Book of Songs inthe development of Feminine consciousness. Feminine consciousnessin the May Forth Movement, inherited and developed Feminineconsciousness in the Book of Songs. Inheritance between the May ForthMovement and time of the Book of Songs neglected time and space. Thisinheritance finished the reasonable localization between male andfemale which began in time of the Book of Songs and finished in theMay Forth Movement.更多还原