【作者】 郭少波；

【导师】 陶桂宝；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着汽车制造技术的不断发展,人们对于汽车的要求也越来越高,如何进一步满足用户个性化的需求以及更强调乘座舒适性、安全性和环保性已经成为车身控制的重要课题。目前,国外车身控制技术已经相当成熟,而我国在这方面的应用和研究起步较晚,同发达国家相比有一定差距,研究开发具有自主知识产权及实用性的车身控制系统对于增加我国汽车工业的国际竞争力、保障汽车民族工业发展的安全性具有重要意义。采用CAN总线技术,本文设计了一种分布式车身控制系统,并详细设计了一种汽车座椅的调节模块,实现了汽车座椅控制的自动化,在低成本的情况下提高了汽车座椅控制的可靠性、准确性、可维护性,满足了现代汽车的控制和管理要求。具体内容如下:首先介绍了目前汽车电子技术的现状与发展趋势,进而对作为汽车电子技术中重要一环的汽车车身控制技术的发展现状与趋势作了进一步的阐述,同时,介绍了对与人体接触最密切的部件——汽车座椅的发展,论述了发展拥有自主知识产权的车身控制系统的必要性。通过对现场总线介绍,论述了车身控制技术中采用CAN总线的必然性。CAN总线属于现场总线的一种,是一种有效支持分布式控制,具有极高的实时性、可靠性、安全性、灵活且开放的串行通信网络。在此基础上,结合车身控制系统的具体需求,对车载分布式车身控制网络进行了总体规划和设计。从成本、性能方面阐述了车身控制系统研究及座椅调节模块开发的可行性,并结合某型轿车电动座椅的控制需求,对该型轿车电动座椅的调节模块进行了结构、功能等方面的分析。在此基础上,对座椅调节模块的硬件、软件进行了详细的总体分析与设计。通过对单片机的选型以及外围电路的设计、CAN控制器与收发芯片选型以及通信接口硬件电路的设计、直流电机驱动芯片选型以及控制电路设计、霍尔位置传感器器件选型与汽车电动座椅位置检测设计,最终实现了车身控制系统中汽车座椅控制模块的设计。通过对系统软件总体开发流程的设计,进行了报文发送与接收的程序设计,初步实现了CAN通信。此外,还对座椅调节模块的控制流程及软件进行了设计,在此基础上,对座椅调节中的原动件直流电机进行了仿真,初步验证了座椅调节模块的准确性与可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of automobile manufacture technology, the consumers have more and more expectation for automobile, how to meet the customer’s requirement and improve its performance about comfort, safety, and environmental-protection has been a study topic of vehicle control. At present, vehicle control technique of international has already been mature, due to starting the research late; we lag behind the developed county in this area, to develop a vehicle control system that possesses intellectual property and practicality has significant meaning to our county’s development and competition of automobile industry.In this paper, a kind of distributed vehicle control system was designed; furthermore, an adjustment module for car-seat was designed to achieve the automation for car-seat control, and also to improve the reliability, accuracy, easy-to-maintenance in the case of cost-control. In addition, the system has met the needs of control and management to modern car. The detailed content as follows:Firstly, the development situation and tendency of automobile’s electronics technique was introduced, the development of vehicle control technique as an important aspect for automobile’s electronics technique was elaborated. What’s more, the development of car-seat, which is the most closely part to people’s body, was introduced; the necessity of developing a vehicle control system to get an intellectual property was discussed, too.Through the introduction of field bus, applying CAN bus to the vehicle control system is necessary. CAN bus is a kind of field bus, and it is also a serial communication network, which supports the distributed control pattern, has a good performance of real-time, reliability, security, flexibility. So with the consideration of the vehicle control system’s demand, the function planning and general design of the distributed vehicle control network was completed.In terms of the cost-control and the performance, the study of vehicle control system and the feasibility of the car-seat adjustment module’s developing were illustrated. To meet the demand of a certain car’s control, the structure and the function of the power car-seat was analyzed. Based on it, there was a general analysis and a detail design to the hardware and software of the car-seat adjustment module.Through selecting the MCU and designing the peripheral circuit for ATmega8515, selecting the CAN controller and the transceiver chip, designing the hardware electrical circuit for the communication module, selecting the drive-chip and designing the circuit for DC motor, selecting the hall effect sensor and designing the position detecting module for the power car-seat, the design of the car-seat control module in the vehicle control system was accomplished. Through designing the general process of the system, programming the delivery and receiving for message. In addition, the general control process and program was designed, based on it, the simulation for DC motor control was to test the accuracy and reliability of the car-seat control module.更多还原