【作者】 刘佳佳；

【导师】 刘晓青；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 水工结构工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 闸门是水工建筑物的重要组成部分，其运行情况关系到整个枢纽建筑物的安全。在对闸门进行设计时，如何才能做到既能保证闸门的正常运行又能尽可能地降低成本是设计人员关心并一直研究的问题。现行的弧形闸门的设计一般都采用规范中的平面体系计算方法，这种方法的计算结果在许多地方超过实测值的20～40％，而在一些关键部位又有可能偏小，因此这种方法有一定的局限性。目前在数值分析中被广泛采用的有限单元法是一种高效、且能较真实地反映整体结构各构件协调作用的方法，但用有限单元法对弧形闸门进行结构分析时，其空间薄板模型的结构非常复杂，建模及计算时间都比较长，在工程设计中运用不便。因此有必要深入分析研究弧形闸门的传力路径、结构特点及各主要构件间的变形协调条件，建立简单易行的弧形闸门框架模型，使其既能充分利用弧门空间体系的整体工作特点，又大大地减小建模的工作量。面板是弧形闸门的重要组成部分，规范中对于面板弯曲应力的计算与校核，是在假定面板区格按照四边固支的支承方式基础上进行的，这种假定不够合理，因此，有必要对面板区格进行详细的计算分析。本文提出了板梁结构框架模型，并将此模型应用于有限元方法对小湾中孔弧形闸门进行结构分析。将该框架模型的有限元计算成果、三维有限元实体模型的计算成果、平面体系计算方法成果进行对比可知，板梁结构框架模型的计算成果比现行规范中主横梁、主纵梁框架结构计算方法更加合理与全面。针对小湾泄洪洞弧形闸门这一工程实例，建立有限元整体模型，并重点对其面板的一个区格进行网格局部加密，计算出该区格的应力、位移。然后以该区格作为研究对象，分别按照规范中假定的区格支承方式——四边固支、一边简支三边固支、两相邻边简支另两边固支的支承方式进行有限元计算分析；最后将三种支承方式的计算结果与整体模型的区格进行比较，得出以下结论：(一)四边固支方式的计算结果比其他方式更接近有限元整体模型的结果；(二)几种支承方式的计算结果都远大于三维有限元整体模型里的区格应力，结果过于保守，较浪费钢材。更多还原

【Abstract】 The sluice gate is the important component of the hydraulic engineering structure. Its runnning relates to the safety of hydraulic structures. When designing an sluice gate, how to not only ensure normal operation of sluice gate but also effectively reduce its cost is an important issue and study for the designers.The current design of radial gate generally uses the plane system method in the specifications. The value of calculation are larger than that of actual survey by 20～40% at many parts, but it may be smaller at some key positions, therefore this method has certain limitation. At present the finite-element method which is widely used in the numerical analysis is an efficient method and can really reflect the coordinating function of the components in the overall structure. But when the structure of the radial gate is analyzed by finite-element method, the structure of the spacial sheet steel model is very complicated, and modeling and calculation needs a longer time, so this method is inconvenient in the application of engineering design. It is necessary to analyze and research on the traditional path of radial gate, the structural characteristics and the coordinative deformation of the major components, and Establish simple frame model of radial gate, which can make full use of the strong space effect and the overall system characteristics of radial gate, and considerably reduce the workload of modeling.The faceplate is an important part of the radial gate. The bending stress calculation and verification in the specification is based on the assumption that four sides of the faceplate area are fixed, but this assumption is unreasonable, therefore a detailed analysis on the faceplate is very necessary.The frame structure model composed of plates and beams is proposed in this paper, and the model is applied to the structural analysis with the finite element method on XiaoWan radial gate. Through comparison of the framework finite element model, 3D finite element model and Plane system method, the calculation results of the frame structure model of finite element method are reasonable and comprehensive than that of the main horizontal beam frame structure and the main vertical beam frame structure of the actual gate’s design regulation.In the engineering example of radial gate in flood-releasing hole of XiaoWan project, the overall finite element model is established, local mesh refinement method is used in the area of faceplate which is especially researched on, and the stress and displacement of the area are calculated. Take this area as the research subject, and have calculation and analysis with finite element method according to the assumptions of supporting pattern in the specification.The assumptions are that faceplate is supported inthree patterns--------four edges are clamped, one edge is simply supported and the other are clamped, twoadjacent edges are simply supported and the others are clamped; Finally, comparing calculation results of three supported modes with results of the area in the faceplate of overall model, we can come to the following conclusions: First, the results that four edges are clamped are closer to the overall finite element model results than the others; second, the calculation results of the several methods all are far larger than the overall 3-D finite element model, so the results are too conservative , which means wasting steel.更多还原