【作者】 林振民；

【导师】 何秀凤；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 大地测量学与测量工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 尾矿坝的安全稳定在矿山的安全生产和环境保护中具有十分重要的意义，但传统的坝体形变监测方法由于其技术落后、对环境要求严格、监测成本高以及自动化程度差等问题难以满足当今尾矿坝安全监测的要求。GPS具有精度高、速度快、全天候等优点，成为当今先进的监测手段。将GPS应用到尾矿坝监测，不仅精度高、不受气候条件影响，而且可实现无人值守的自动化实时监测模式。本文以马鞍山南山矿城门峒尾矿坝为研究背景，开发基于GPS多天线技术的尾矿坝形变监测系统，针对系统中的关键技术进行设计和工程实现。采用该系统不仅可以实现对尾矿坝的实时监测，而且可以降低监测成本。本文主要研究内容如下：1．基于GPS多天线技术的尾矿坝监测系统总体设计。研究了尾矿坝监测系统的设计方案，结合尾矿坝监测的实际情况，采用GPS多天线技术和光纤有线传输技术，实现了尾矿坝GPS远程自动化形变监测系统。2．光纤通信协议设计及数据通信模块开发。通过自定义的通讯协议和检校措施，解决数据传输的误码问题，实现数据远程传输。3．开发GPS数据解算模块。利用GPS一机多天线形变监测系统，采集大量的GPS原始数据，将接收到的多个监测点的GPS原始数据合并转化为观测文件与导航文件，并通过开发的软件解算得到各监测点位移量，实时分析坝体外部形变量。4．设计开发尾矿坝形变监测信息管理系统。将尾矿坝上各监测点位移量录入数据库，通过点击各个监测点进行浏览、编辑、更新等操作；绘制各监测点形变量随时间变化的图形。更多还原

【Abstract】 The stability of the tailing dam plays an important role in the mining safety and environment protection. However, traditional surveying methods for dam deformation monitoring are difficult to meet the requirements of current safety monitoring of tailing dam for its out-of-date techniques, limitations in surroundings, high cost and poor automation. GPS is one of the most advanced tools in the deformation monitoring for the advantages of high-precision, high-speed and round-the-clock working. As be applied to tailing dam monitoring, GPS not only provide high precision positioning but also can realize the real-time automatic monitoring. This work describes the research background of ChenMenDong tailing dam in Anhui province. Tailing dam monitoring system based on GPS Multi-antenna method was developed. Key technologies were investigated in the work. The results have shown that real-time automatic monitoring of tailing dam was achieved, and cost of the system was greatly reduced. The emphasis in this work has been placed on:1. The investigation of the design scheme of tailing dam monitoring using GPS multi-antenna technology. The system is integrated of GPS Multi-antenna technology and fiber communication technology. It has achieved long-rang automatic monitoring.2. The design of fiber communication protocol and the software of data communication have been developed. Using the user-defined communication protocol and CRC32 check, the problem of error data has been solved, and the long-rang data transmission came true.3. The development of the software of positioning solutions. Using the GPS multi-antenna deformation monitoring system, the huge sum of raw GPS data was received and translated into RINEX format. Then the software can compute and analyze the displacement of monitoring points.4. The development of information management system of tailing dam deformation monitoring. The deformation results were saved in the database. The database can be browsed, edited and updated. And the deformation information of each monitoring points can be displayed directly.更多还原