【作者】 周莹；

【导师】 万江文；

【作者基本信息】 北京邮电大学 ， 检测技术与自动化装置， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 传感器、微机电系统(MEMS)、嵌入式计算、现代网络和无线通信等技术的进步，推动了无线传感器网络的产生和发展。由于其广泛的应用前景，无线传感器网络被认为是21世纪最重要的技术之一，成为当今研究的热点。信道接入控制(MAC)协议是无线传感器网络的重要支撑之一。为了使移动节点与无线传感器网络及时建立、维持或释放连接，并且消耗较少能量，提出一种动态、节能的信道接入控制协议DEE-MAC。该协议以一种新颖的方式在TDMA的基础上叠加了动态分簇和优先级竞争簇头机制。基于时分多址(TDMA)机制使节点在空闲时隙能够及时进入睡眠，大大减少了由空闲侦听引起的能耗；采用分簇算法使所有传感器节点动态集群，形成众多簇，节点可以自由地加入或退出该簇，适应了网络拓扑结构的变化并降低了网络延迟；引入簇头竞争机制均衡了每个传感器节点的能耗，延长了网络的生命周期。该协议适用于移动和静止场景，有较高的信道利用率，在节省能量的同时也提供合理的服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)。利用OPNET网络仿真工具将DEE-MAC协议与SMAC协议作比较，结果表明，在有移动节点加入时，新的算法DEE-MAC在数据吞吐量、延时以及丢包率方面比SMAC协议都有明显改善。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) can be designed and developed because of development in sensor technology, Micro-Electro-Mechanism System (MEMS), modern network and wireless communication technology. It has been considered as one of the most important technologies in 21st century due to its bright future in application. More and more researchers focus on Wireless sensor network.Media Access Control (MAC) protocol is an important support technology in WSN. How to design a dynamic, energy efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks becomes a key problem in this paper. In order to consume less energy and set up connection with mobile nodes timely, a dynamic, energy-efficient MAC protocol (DEE-MAC) for mobile sensor networks is presented. The DEE-MAC protocol is a TDMA-based protocol with forming cluster and CSMA mechanism. Each cluster is dynamically formed, all nodes contend for the position of cluster-head based on their remaining power and they can join and leave freely. The cluster-head builds a TDMA schedule and broadcasts it to all nodes within the cluster, the nodes can turn to sleep in their idle listening time and thereby conserving energy.The proposed MAC protocol can provide reasonable QoS in both stationary and dynamical scenarios and improve channel utility rate.The results of simulation show that the DEE-MAC protocol performs better than the existing SMAC protocol in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay and drop data packets in scenarios involving mobile sensors.更多还原