【作者】 张文丽；

【导师】 高志奎；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 针对目前茄子（Solanum melongena L.）生产中强光尤其是高温强光逆境导致光合生产力降低的问题，本试验以黑贝圆茄为试材，在不同温度、光强、光质下，测定了叶片叶绿素荧光动力学曲线（JIP-test）及其参数，包括Fo、Fm、Fv／Fm等参数，进行了强光和单色光下茄子光抑制效应研究。结果表明，茄子叶片不仅在强光下发生光抑制，在弱光下和单色光下也发生光抑制，只是产生光抑制程度的大小不同，并且随着照射时间的加长，光抑制程度会逐渐加重。离体茄子叶片在3000μmolm^-2S^-1卤钨灯强光照射时间处理下，叶绿素荧光动力学曲线的特征相O、J、I、P四相荧光值发生大幅度变化，O相荧光值随着处理时间的加长（0 min-5 min-10 min-15 min-20 min）逐级小幅度增大，J、I、P三相荧光值随着时间的加长不断降低，甚至消失；并且在25 min处理后，荧光诱导动力学曲线几乎成“一”字形，各特征相（J、I、P）消失。荧光猝灭随着时间的加长逐级严重：最大光化学效率Fv／Fm逐渐减小，热能消耗DIo／RC逐级加大，光抑制现象逐级加重。强光照射时间（或光强）和叶温组合下，25℃常温下强光对茄子叶片叶绿素荧光动力学曲线影响最弱，伴随着O相小幅度增加，J、I、P三相略有降低，发生轻微光抑制；10℃低温加剧光抑制，J、I、P三相下降明显；40℃高温下进一步加剧光抑制，J、I、P三相进一步降低。卤钨灯单色光处理后发现530 nm绿光在荧光参数最大光化学效率Fv／Fm的降低、无活性中心Fvi／Fv的增大，活性中心RC／CSo的降低上，以及表征光合活性的光合机构驱动力DF_CSo的变化上，都表明光量子通量密度较小的绿光对光合系统PSⅡ的影响最大；并且在可见光光谱带上以530nm绿光处为基轴向两边延伸波长的其它单色光部分对光合系统PSⅡ的影响越来越小，即产生光抑制现象越来越弱。发光LED单色光（白、蓝、绿、红）处理，结果显示470nm蓝光对叶片叶绿素荧光动力学曲线影响最大，其次是530nm绿光，再次是混合光白光，最后是620nm红光；同时采用球状积分仪测得叶片对红光吸收量最大，白光次之，蓝光再次，绿光吸收量最少。测定卤钨灯强光处理光适应和暗适应叶片，结果显示暗适应下叶片在叶绿素荧光动力学曲线上O、J、I、P等特征相上P相的下降，最大光化学效率Fv／Fm的降低，以及活性中心RC／CSo数量的降低，J相可变荧光V_J的升高，都表明暗适应下叶片比光适应下叶片在受到强光照射时更易发生光抑制，造成叶片光合活性的降低。测定卤钨灯强光处理叶正面与叶背面叶绿素荧光动力学曲线，结果显示无论在对照还是在处理下，叶背面荧光动力学曲线的J、I、P特征相低于上表面（即光合作用主要受光面）的叶绿素荧光动力学曲线的J、I、P特征相。更多还原

【Abstract】 In view of decreesing of photosynthesis productivity at present, which were resultedfrom high light, especially high temperature and high light during production, thisexperiment as tried the material take the eggplant named ’HEIBEI’, under the differenttemperature, light intensity, light quality, as well as dark adaption and the adaxial andabaxial surface of vivo or vitro leaves, has measured the chlorophyll fluorescence dynamiccueves and parameters of leaves, including Fo, Fro, Fv/Fm as well as JIP-test parameters,studied photoinhibition effects of high light and monocolour light on eggplant leaves.Results shows the leaves take place photoinhibition not only in high light, but also in lowlight and single light, which degrees of photoinhibition are different; meanwhile, degreesof photoinhibition will aggravate along with increasing of treatment time.In the 3000μmolm^-2s^-1 high light treatment time to the vitro eggplant leaves,chlorophyll fluorescence dynamic cueves （O,J,I,P） changes as the bigger extent:fluorescence intensity at the O-step increase as little extent along with increasing oftreatment time （from 0 min to 25 min as increasing by 5 min）; meanwhile, three steps （J, Iand P） decrease gradually along with increasing of treatment time, and indeedly disappeargradually. In the treatment of 25 min, chlorophyll fluorescence dynamic curve became theshape of beeline almostly, which characteristic steps （J, I and P） disappear. Quenching ofchlorophyll fluorescence aggravate along with increasing of treatment time: the maxicalphotochemical efficiency Fv/Fm decrease gradually; dissipated heat energy increasegradually; photoinhibition aggravate gradually.In high light combining treatment of time （or light intensity） and leaf temperature, theeffects of normal temperature 25℃and high light on chlorophyll fluorescence dynamiccurves are weak, concomitantly increasing of fluorescence intensity at O-step as littleextent and decreasing of three steps （J, I and P） as little extent, which take place gentlephotoinhibition; low temperature 10℃and high ligh aggravate photoinhibition, three steps（J, I and P） decrease obviously; high temperature 40℃and high ligh aggravate furtherphotoinhibition, three steps （J, I and P） decrease further. Through single light by Tungsten Halogen Lamps treatment, results show that 530 nmGL which has lesser photo flux density affect PSⅡhighly at the decreasing of Fv/Fm andRC/CSo, the increasing of Fvi/Fv, as well as the decreasing of photosynthesis driving forceDFCSo and the components; meanwhile, results show effects different wavelength lightfrom 530nm to extending light wavelength to two sides （red light and blue light） on PSⅡbecome low graduly, which photoinhibition become low graduly.Through single light by LED treatment, results show that effects of 470 nm blue lighton chlorophyll fluorescence dynamic curves are the bigger, next is 530 nm green light,again is white light as blending light quality, and final is 620 nm red light; throughmeasuring of light absorption by global integraph, results show leaves has the most lightabsorption to 620 nm red light, next is white light as blending light quality, again is 470 nmblue light, and final is 530 nm green light.Through measuring chlorophyll fluorescence dynamic curves of high light treatmentto light adaption and dark adaption, decreasing of fluorescence intensity at P-step, Fv/Fmand RC/CSo, as well as increasing of V_J at J-step, indicate that leaves in dark adaption takeplace photoinhibition more easy than that in light adaption to result decreasing ofphotosynthesis activeness.Through measuring chlorophyll fluorescence dynamic curves of high light treatmentto the adaxial and abaxial surface of leaves, results show characteristic steps （J, I and P） inthe abaxial surface of leaves are under characteristic steps （J, I and P） in the adaxial surfaceof leaves no matter what in control or treatment.更多还原