【作者】 王晓燕；

【导师】 张蓬涛；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 土地资源管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 房地产典当作为我国最传统的融资方式之一，其产生、灭失与发展都与我国的制度环境存在着直接的关系。房地产典当起源于我国封建社会有其历史根源，灭失于新中国成立初期源于社会的观念，改革开放后又重新复出与我国的经济体制改革存在着必然的联系。2001年《典当行管理办法》的出台，确定了房地产典当的合法地位，为房地产典当提供了法律依据。2003年的央行121号文件提高了银行贷款的门槛，为房地产典当提供了更好的发展机遇。2005年《典当管理办法》是对《典当行管理办法》补充、修改和完善，对房地产典当做了进一步规范，使得房地产典当进入了稳定、规范的发展阶段。然而，目前的制度环境仍然存在着一些问题，如新的房地产典当业务改变了传统的色彩，与房地产抵押产生混淆：《典当管理办法》中的某些规定阻碍了典当行的快速发展：现行的《典当管理办法》法律地位较低，当与其他相关法律产生冲突时无法与之相抗衡等。且我国目前的市场环境也存在一些不完善之处，跟不上房地产典当的发展步伐。经营房地产典当业务本身存在的风险也为其发展藏下了隐患。通过对这些问题的研究探讨，借鉴外国成功经验，并结合我国的实际情况，本文对我国的房地产典当制度环境进行了改革。提出应对房地产典当制定专门的法律规范，并提高其法律地位；将现行的房地产典当正名为“房地产抵押典当”，与典当和房地产抵押区分开来，重新界定其含义，并在未来的房地产典当法中进行单独规范；健全和完善我国的房地产二级市场，推动典当行业的健康发展：建立和完善房地产典当风险防范措施，为房地产典当的发展排除障碍等。通过对房地产典当制度改革研究，健全和完善我国房地产典当制度环境，使其能跟得上房地产典当业的快速发展，从而对我国社会经济快速、稳定、健康发展具有推动作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In china, the real estate pawn is one of the best traditional financing ways. The generation,extinguishment and development of it are directly affected by the system environment of ourcountry. The provenance of real estate pawn in feudal society of our country has its historicalreasons; the extinguishment of it during the initial period after the Liberation attributes to thesocial sense; and the reemergence of it after the reform and opening up has close relationshipwith the reform of the economic structure. "Management Measures of Pawnbroking", whichwas issued at 2001, determined the legal status of the real estate pawn, and provided the legalbasis for it. In 2003, the 121st document of the People’s Bank of China enhanced the bankloan threshold, and then provided a better development opportunity for the real estate pawn. In2005, "Management Measures of Pawn", as a supplement of "Management Measures ofPawnbroking", made a further standard for real estate pawn, and promoted the real estatepawn entering into a stable and standardized development period. However, there are stillsome system problems presently. For example, according to "Management Measures ofPawn" the new real estate pawn business is not the traditional one and is easy to be confusedwith real estate mortgage. Furthermore some stipulations in "Management Measures of Pawn"can not adapt themselves to present social environment. And the Measures is in a low legalstatus so that it can not antagonize other laws when conflictions emerges. In addition, in ourcountry the present market mechanism is unperfected and can not follow the development stepof real estate pawn. Moreover the risks existed in real estate pawn have hindered thedevelopment of it.Based on the analysis of the above problems and objective situation of our country, useingthe experiences of other countries for reference, this dissertation puts forward some reformsuggestions about the real estate pawn system which enumerates as below. Our country shouldconstitute special regulations in the real estate pawn and improved the legal status, of it. Thedifferent between real estate pawn and real estate mortgage must be distinguished and theconception of the former must be defined again. Furthermore our country should perfect thesecondary market of real estate and establish integrated risk precaution measures in order topropel the healthy development of real estate pawnbroking. Through the study on the reform of real estate pawn systems, the purpose of this dissertation is to improve the systemenvironment of the real estate pawn in our country, make it keep up with the rapiddevelopment of real estate pawnbroking practice, and then to realize fast, stably, healthysocio-economic development.更多还原