【作者】 温安华；

【导师】 薛平；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文采用单螺杆一步挤出法制备PVC／木粉微发泡复合材料，主要研究PVC／木粉微发泡复合材料的配方，通过对配方中组分及配比的调整，分析探讨影响PVC／木粉微发泡复合材料微观结构及力学性能的主要因素，以期获得密度低、性能优的PVC／木粉微发泡复合材料。在保证制品性能的前提下，通过配方的优化，工艺的简化，来降低制品成本。文章对木塑复合材料的发展历史进行简单回顾，在与木塑复合材料加工及性能相关的混合与分散、吸附、界面结合及发泡等理论的基础上，总结了目前国内外在木塑复合材料领域的研究热点及研究难点，结合现有试验条件确定本文研究的主要内容为：探讨PVC／木粉微发泡复合材料配方中复合发泡剂及其它加工助剂，如偶联剂、增塑剂、复合稳定剂、抗冲击改性剂、润滑剂、纳米碳酸钙等成份的不同配比及用量与复合材料微观结构、力学性能之间的关系。在试验过程中先将PVC、经干燥处理的木粉、复合发泡剂及其它加工助剂加入高速混合机充分混和，然后将混和均匀的物料加入单螺杆挤出机挤出成型，对挤出的样品进行拉伸性能、弯曲性能、冲击性能等力学性能以及密度的测试，对其微观结构进行了电镜扫描。通过性能测试数据，结合扫描电镜照片，观察木粉在PVC基体中的分散情况，泡孔的形态及分布情况，分析探询PVC／木粉微发泡复合材料的配方、结构及性能之间的关系，找出影响复合材料发泡倍率和力学性能的主要因素，对制备该复合材料的配方及加工过程等方面提供了一些建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper studied prescriptions for PVC/wood flour micro-foaming composites. A single-screw extruder was used to make PVC/wood flour micro-foaming composites. By changing ingredients and quantity, we analyzed main factors that affected microstructure and mechanical property of wood plastic composites. We wanted to get PVC/wood flour micro-foaming composites with high mechanical property, low density and cost. The paper reviewed development of wood plastic composite and several theories of mixing and dispersion, adsorption, interface connecting and foaming. And we made a summary of research hotspots and challenges at home and abroad. By thinking over existing equipment situations and testing conditions, we focused on effects of multiple foaming agents and other process agents on microstructure and mechanical property of composites, such as compatibilizer, multiple stabilizer, impact modifier, and namo-CaCO₃. PVC, dried wood flour, multiple foaming agents and other process agent were mixed well at first. Then the single-screw extruder extruded mixture. Finally, sample extruded were tested for mechanics performance and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Tensile test, shear test and impact test were employed to evaluate the adhesion between wood flour and PVC matrix. We studied the test data and distributing of wood flour and cell in SEM, analyzed the relationship between prescriptions, microstructure and mechanical property. We got the main effects on PVC/wood flour composite, and made propose on prescriptions, equipments and process. And we gave some advices of prescriptions and process of PVC/wood flour micro-foaming composites.更多还原