【作者】 王冬波；

【导师】 李小明；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 环境科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,氮、磷化合物导致水体污染和水质富营养化的现象日益严重。因此,污水的处理不仅需要从污水中去除COD,而且还要脱氮除磷,这就要求一个污水处理系统具备多种处理功能。本研究介绍了内循环SBR反应器同步脱氮除磷的实验研究,在采用内循环SBR处理城市生活污水的脱氮除磷过程中,进水后未经过厌氧段而直接曝气,仍能达到良好的除磷效果。结果表明:在曝气时间为4h,曝气开始时DO浓度为6mg?L-1,pH值7.5~8.5时,反应器对COD、NH4+-N、TP均有较好的去除效果,进水中COD浓度、NH4+-N浓度、TP浓度分别由170~260mg?L-1、20~30mg?L-1、8~20mg?L-1降到出水的4~48 mg?L-1、0~2.0mg?L-1和0~1.4mg?L-1,COD、TIN(TIN=NH4+-N+NO3--N+NO2--N)的去除率分别为89.7%±6.5%、70%左右,NH4-N的转化率为97.4%±3.6%、TP的去除率为95.6%±4.4%。在本研究的实验过程中反应器进水后未经过传统除磷理论认为所必须的厌氧段而直接曝气,TP的去除效果仍然良好且运行稳定,这和传统的理论与研究有所区别。为研究本实验中出现的反传统的生物除磷现象,本研究小组于2006年5月取新泥于普通SBR反应器与内循环SBR反应器进行对比实验,作进一步深入的机理研究。结果表明:内循环SBR反应器和普通SBR反应器在进水后未经过传统除磷理论认为所必须的厌氧段而直接好氧曝气,废水中磷的浓度仍下降较快,且磷的去除效果与碳源(葡萄糖)的投加量相关。在曝气时间为4h,曝气开始时DO浓度为6mg?L-1,进水COD浓度为200mg?L-1左右,pH值7.5~8.5时,进水中TP浓度由8~20mg?L-1降到出水的1.5~5.5mg?L-1,且在曝气开始后2h采取后续投加碳源(COD浓度为100~200mg?L-1)时,两反应器出水中磷的浓度均能降到1mg?L-1以下,磷的去除效率达到90%以上。反应过程中聚合磷酸盐(聚磷)在4h好氧阶段逐渐增多(好氧开始时聚磷含量为5.78mg/g·SS,好氧结束时聚磷含量为9.05mg/g·SS),在3h静置期聚磷部分释放(聚磷含量从9.05mg/g·SS降到5.90mg/ g·SS),而储能物质聚β-羟基丁酸(PHB)基本保持不变且含量较低(PHB浓度在5mg?L-1左右)。此研究表明在无厌氧段、无PHB合成而直接好氧曝气,在碳源充足的条件下,聚磷菌亦能将废水中磷酸盐合成聚磷,通过排除富磷污泥而达到除磷目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, it is serious increasingly that the nitrogen, phosphorus compound causes the phenomenon of water pollution and water eutrophication. Therefore, the treatment of the wastewater not only needs to remove COD, but also still needs to take off nitrogen and phosphorus from the sewage. This requires a wastewater treatment system to possess many kinds of treatment functions.The experiment of simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal with an inner-loop sequencing batch reactor will be introduced in this paper. In the course of nitrogen and phosphorus removal of municipal wastewater with inner-loop SBR, wastewater enter the aeration phase directly, without anaerobic phase, which was conventionally considered as a key phase for phosphorus removal, but a predominant phosphorus result still can be achieved.The experimental results showed that COD, NH4+-N, and TP can be removed efficiently after 4 hours aeration, during which dissolved oxygen concentration was at 6mg/L at the beginning of aerobic phase and pH was in the rang of 7.5~8.5.The COD and NH4+-N as well as TP concentration in the effluent were about at 4~48 mg?L-1,0~2.0 mg?L-1, and 0~1.4 mg?L-1 respectively, which indicated the removal rate for each item were about 89.7%±6.5%,97.4%±3.6%,95.6 %±4.4% when the concentration of influent were about 170~260 mg?L-1, 20~30 mg?L-1, 8~20 mg?L-1,respectively.The removal rate of TIN(TIN= NH4+-N +NO3--N+NO2--N) was also reached about 70%. It was found during the research process that phosphorus removal can be achieved without anaerobic phase, which was conventionally considered as a key phase for phosphorus removal,and this phenomena can not be explained by traditional theory.To investigate the phenomena on biological phosphorus removal which appeared in this experiment, parallel experiments were conducted with both an inner loop sequencing batch reactor and a traditional sequencing batch reactor in March 2006. The experimental results showed that phosphorus removal could be achieved both inner loop sequencing batch reactor and traditional sequencing batch reactor without anaerobic phase, which was conventionally considered as a key phase for phosphorus removal,the research also found the effect of phosphorus removal was correlated with the quantity of carbon source (C6H12O6). Phosphorus concentration in the effluent was about 1.5~5.5 mg?L-1 after 4 hours aeration, and phosphorus could be continue removing to 1 mg?L-1 below by adding carbon source (COD concentration was about 100~200mg?L-1) after 2 hours aeration, during which dissolved oxygen concentration was at 6mg/L at the beginning of aerobic phase and pH was in the rang of 7~8. Which indicated the removal rate of phosphorus was above 90% when the COD and phosphorus concentration of influent were about 200 mg?L-1, 8~20 mg?L-1, respectively. Intracellular storage of poly-phosphate (poly-P) was increasing in the 4 hours aeration (the content of poly-P was 5.78mg/ g·SS at the beginning of aerobic phase, and the content of poly-P was 9.05mg/g·SS in the end) and releasing partly in the 3 hours idle-zone (the content of poly-P was 5.90mg/g·SS in the end of deposition), but the energy storage poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) was constant nearly and the content was very low(PHB concentration was about 5mg?L-1). The researches indicated that phosphate could be transformed to poly-P by poly-phosphate-accumulating organisms without anaerobic zone and PHB when the carbon source was enough, biological phosphorus removal was obtained by removing sludge with rich phosphorus.更多还原