【作者】 何琼峰；

【导师】 王良健；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 区域经济学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 知识经济时代,生产力诸要素中最能动的部分——人力资本,逐渐成为新一轮经济增长的源泉和根本动力,在此背景下,人力资本的区域迁移直接影响人力资本的空间配置进而区域经济增长,本研究对于优化中国人力资本配置、协调区域经济增长具有较强的理论和实践指导意义。本研究将人力资本区域合理迁移、有效配置是推动经济增长的关键作为基本命题,尝试性构建人力资本区域迁移、空间配置与经济增长的理论框架,并证明中国人力资本区域迁移在理论上能够使人力资本迁入地区和人力资本迁出地区同时实现经济增长,旨在于降低区域间迁移成本的一系列协调措施将加快经济增长的步伐。对中国人力资本区域迁移、空间配置与经济增长进行实证分析,发现中国人力资本区域迁移的历史趋势表现为:区域分布特征日趋明显,主要由中部内陆地区向东部沿海地区和西部地区迁移;迁移水平高于同期本区平均人力资本水平;迁移结构以初级人力资本为主,高级人力资本比例不断上升。并且现阶段中国各区域人力资本空间配置现状表现为:人力资本区域总量差异呈减小趋势,存在着空间集聚性,大多数地区属于低-低人力资本集聚和高-高人力资本集聚的正向空间联系,各区域人力资本的结构系数不断减小,人力资本区域结构差异程度逐步缓解。进一步测算中国人力资本对经济增长的贡献率,结果表明中国各区域人力资本总量对经济增长贡献率较低,经济增长的主要动力仍然是物质资本投资和积累,不同类型人力资本在不同地区的边际产出存在着显著差异,大部分地区仍然是初级人力资本对经济增长的贡献率最高,中高级人力资本占经济增长贡献率主导地位的地区不多。未来中国人力资本区域合理迁移能够带来人力资本的有效配置并发挥其对经济增长的巨大潜力,迫切需要加快改革人口迁移制度、建设人力资本市场并加强政府宏观调控,通过解除人力资本迁移束缚、降低人力资本区域迁移成本和引导人力资本区域合理迁移实现人力资本有效配置。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the era of knowledge-based economy,human capital,which is the most dynamic factor among various productive forces , has gradually become the fountainhead and the fundamental power of economic growth. Under this background, the regional migration of human capital influences its spatial allocation and economic growth directly; this research has important meaning on theory and instructing practice towards optimization of human capital allocation and coordination of regional economic growth.The fundamental proposition of this research is: reasonable regional migration and highly effective allocation of human capital is the key to impel economic growth. This research has constructed the theoretical framework among regional migration of human capital, its spatial allocation and economic growth, theoretically proves that regional migration of human capital in China can realize the economic growth of migration region and immigration region simultaneously, and a series of coordinated measure for the purpose to reduce regional migration cost will accelerate the step of economic growth. Through empirical analyze on regional migration of human capital, its spatial allocation and economic growth in China, this research found that the historical tendency of human capital migration among regions in China is: the characteristic of regional distribution gradually becomes more obvious, mainly migrates from the interior region in the middle to the coastal region in the east and the western region; the level of migration is higher than its average level of human capital in the corresponding period; the structure of migration constitute primarily by primary human capital, and the proportion of high-level human capital rises unceasingly. And the present spatial allocation situation of human capital among various regions in China is: the total quantity difference of human capital in various regions assumes the tendency of reduction and the characteristic of spatial agglomeration, a majority of regions belong to the type of low-low or high–high human capital agglomeration, which displays a positive spatial relation. The structure coefficient of human capital in various regions reduces unceasingly, and its difference degree alleviates gradually. Furthermore this research calculates the contribution rate of human capital to economic growth in China, which indicates that the total quantity contribution of human capital to the economic growth in various regions is low, and the main power still is material capital investment and its accumulation. And the marginal output of different types of human capital in various regions delivers remarkable difference; the factor of the highest contribution rate to economic growth in a majority of regions still is primary human capital, while the region that the contribution rate of intermediate and advanced human capital to economic growth occupies the dominant position is rather scarce. Reasonable regional migration of China in the future can realize its effective spatial allocation and potential economic growth, so it’s urgently needed to speed up the reform of population migration system, construct the human capital market and strengthen the macro regulation and control of government, which can relieve the restraint of human capital migration, reduce the cost of regional migration, guide reasonable regional migration, and eventually realize the highly effective spatial allocation of human capital.更多还原