【作者】 孟伟；

【导师】 修春亮；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 人文地理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文运用经济地理学、城市地理学、区域经济学和社会学等相关学科的理论与方法,通过相关文献的整理,从理论与实践的角度分析了基于铁路客流和货流指标的东北地区城镇系统空间极化状况。认为20世纪90年代以来东北地区城市与区域发生了剧烈的变化,如大城市化明显,城市体系中哈长沈大四城市的主导地位大大加强,吉林市、齐齐哈尔的相对衰落使吉林省和黑龙江省的双中心结构不复存在,沈阳、大连的经济增长也把鞍山、本溪等原来的重量级城市远远甩在后面,东北地区中心城市的基本格局已进入“四城市时代”。此外,近年来的变化还表现为核心区进一步强化、地方城市边缘化、小城镇衰落、城乡融合程度发生空间分化等。东北地区城市与区域系统的空间运动过程以及未来发展模式都有一定的独特性。为了测度东北地区城镇系统空间极化状况、极化程度以及极化方向,本文选取了国际上常用的“基尼系数”、“伊斯特班—雷指数”和“坎贝尔—张指数”以及5个具有代表性的铁路客货流指标来衡量东北地区城镇系统空间极化的各个方面。论文主体分为三个部分:第一部分首先阐述了空间极化的概念,然后对空间极化的相关理论和模式做了介绍并对东北地区城镇系统空间格局的现状进行了分析,最后总结了国内外区域空间极化的研究实践。第二部分回顾了我国铁路交通发展的历史轨迹,分析了铁路交通现状和铁路运输中存在的问题,论述了铁路交通与区域发展的关系以及铁路在东北地区近现代发展中的重要作用。第三部分首先界定了本文研究的范围,研究数据的采集,确定并说明研究指标的意义,对所采用的研究方法中具体指数的含义和运用范围作了说明,其次从不同方面对东北城镇系统空间极化进行了分析:包括对东北地区城镇系统不均衡状况进行测度,运用极化指数和相关指标对空间极化的程度作了分析,对空间极化在不同分类方向上的变化进行分析,最后对所得结论进行简要的总结和说明。结论部分概括总结了本文各主要部分的内容。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through settling the correlative documents and using theories and methods of Economic Geography,Urban Geography, Regional Economics,Sociology and other correlative subjects, the paper analyses the urban system spatial polarization based on the railway passenger and goods flow in northeast China from theory and practice aspect. The paper deems that the cities and the region of Northeast China has changed shrewd,such as the phenomenon of megapolization is more and more obvious,the dominant status of Harbin,Changchun,Shenyang and Dalian in the urban system has enhanced than before,the relatively decline of the city of Jilin and Qiqihaer in Jilin and Heilongjiang Province has induced the regional structure of double cores not existing any more,Anshan and Benxi once were two important cities in Liaoning Province,but the economy increasing of Shenyang and Dalian has leaved them far behind,the basic structure of Northeast China has turned into“Four Cities Age”.Furthermore,the regional structure of Northeast China also presents that the core of the region has strengthened more,in the meanwhile, the edge-city and small town has declined. The spatial differentiation of the amalgamation degree of urban and countryside has appeared.The process of spatial movement of city-region system and the future development modes of Northeast China both are unique from other areas.To measure the spatial polarization situation、degree and direction of the urban system of Northeast China, the paper has chosen Gini coefficient、Esteban-Ray index、Kanbur-Zhang index and five representative railway passenger and goods flow index to measure every aspects of urban system spatial polarization in northeast China.The paper concludes three parts:The first part elaborates the concept of spatial polarization, then introduces correlative theory and pattern, analyses urban system spatial structure in northeast China, finally summarizes regional spatial polarization research both in and abroad.The second part reviews the development history of railway transportation in China, analyses the actuality of railway transportation and the problem in railage, discusses the relationship between railway transportation and regional development as well as railway plays the important role in modern times in northeast China.The third part tells the research area, collects the data, explains the meaning of the index and shows the meaning and scale of the index, then analyses the urban system spatial polarization in northeast China from different aspects, including that measures the imbalance situation of the urban system in northeast China, makes use of polarization index analyses the extent and trend of the spatial polarization, analyses the changes in different classified direction simply explains the result, finally simply summarizes and explains the conclusion.The epilogue part gathers up each main part of the paper.更多还原