【作者】 李荣百；

【导师】 陈荣耀；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 产业经济学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 造船业在我国拥有悠久的、灿烂的历史。建国后，我国的造船业作为一项具有战略性意义的产业，以其强大的产业关联效应，带动了众多相关产业的发展，受到党和国家的重视。经过二十几年的发展，我国造船业占据了世界造船四极中的一极，综合实力显著提高。但当今国际造船业发展迅速，竞争越发激烈，为在竞争中发展壮大从而实现占据世界造船第一的宝座的目标，对于造船业国际竞争力的研究显得十分必要。本文通过对我国造船业国际竞争力的分析，明确了我国的造船业国际竞争力整体状况和具体的影响因素，以期对我国造船业的发展壮大提供一些有效对策和建议。造船业产业关联性突出，且具有较强的生产要素密集性、通用性和国际性，又因其军民两用性受国际政治局势和国家战略影响较大。此外，与其它产业相比造船业还有管理水平要求严格，与地理位置息息相关等特点。目前，国际造船业呈现出新的特点，产业转移加剧，市场供需不平衡，竞争格局多元化和内部调整加速并存。产业国际竞争力起源于国际竞争力，研究起步相对较晚，无论是理论研究还是实践应用，都需要大量补充和完善。波特教授和我国学者金碚等根据各自的研究提出了不同的产业国际竞争力的定义。产业国际竞争力的理论基础为：哈佛学派的SCP范式，古典贸易理论，波特的“钻石模型理论”。产业国际竞争力的分析模型主要以波特教授的“钻石”模型为主，各国学者根据本国或者本产业的实际情况做出了相应的改良。本文在前人研究的基础上提出了由生产要素系统、需求要素系统、相关辅助产业系统、船舶企业战略系统、政府行为系统等五大要素系统构成的造船业国际竞争力模型。然后在此基础上建立了由15个指标组成的评价指标体系。文章对造船业国际竞争力从整体和影响因素两方面进行了评价，并通过实证分析进行了检验。总体而言，我国造船业国际竞争力较弱。其中，人力资源是我国造船业的优势所在，而科研水平、船舶设计水平、配套率以及管理水平严重影响了产业国际竞争力的提高。文章最后以评价模型为框架，从五大要素的角度针对性的提出了提升我国造船业国际竞争力的对策和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Shipbuilding industry has attracted great attention since 1949 owing to the strategic importance it has, the powerful industry linkage impact it causes as well as its function as the pillar industry in national economy. After twenty years development, its comprehensive strength has promoted dramatically and become one of the great shipbuilding powers. However, international shipbuilding industry is developing fast and the competition is becoming more and more fierce. To grow steadily and realize the goal as the greatest power in shipbuilding industry, it is necessary to analyze the international competitiveness of shipbuilding industry.Shipbuilding industry has come into favor of many countries because the four characteristics it has, that is, industry linkage impact being prominent, intensity of labor, capital, technology and information being projecting, international political situation and national strategies having great influence on the industry because of duality of generality and internationalism and strict requirement to management as well. Nowadays, international shipbuilding industry has taken on new characteristics: industry shift of shipbuilding industry is in ascendant, demand is strong, but supply exceeds demand, competitive pattern between four great powers has been formed with each power having core competitiveness and internal changes still continuing, and adjustments have been made to promote competitiveness in accordance with the development of shipping industry.Industrial international competitiveness has arisen from internal competitiveness and the study of it whatever in theory or in practice is a relatively new topic and needs supplements and completion. Professor Porter and scholar Jinbei, based on their own research, gave different definitions of industrial international competitiveness. The theoretical basis of industrial international competitiveness is SCP pattern of Harvard school, classical trade theory, Porter’s Diamond Theory, and the Theory of National Competitive Advantage.The analysis model of industrial international competitiveness is mainly based on Porter’s Diamond Theory and scholars in all countries have made relevant adjustments. This paper, first and foremost, puts forward international competitiveness model which includes five factor systems: productive factor system, demand factor system, relevant auxiliary factor system, shipping industry strategy system, and government behavior system on a basis of previous studies. Then an evaluation index system based on the above mentioned five factor systems is established which consists of 15 indexes.Next, the author assesses international competitiveness of shipbuilding industry from two aspects, and tests it by data analysis which shows that the international competitiveness of shipbuilding industry is relatively weak, and science and technology development and management level have serious influence on the improvement of industry international competitiveness. Finally, the author, taking assessment model as framework, puts forward some suggestions on how to upgrade the international competitiveness of shipbuilding industry in China.更多还原