【作者】 梁京华；

【导师】 郭俊华；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 公共管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 我国加入世贸组织以来,改革开放的步伐进一步加快,中国经济融入世界经济一体化的程度越来越高,涉外经济蓬勃发展,国际收支持续顺差,国家外汇储备快速增长,到2006年末底达10663亿美元,已超越日本成为外汇储备第一大国。在此背景下,随着人民币汇率形成机制改革的不断深化,资本项目可兑换进程也必将不断加快。资本项目可兑换是一个过程,国际上并没有统一的标准,一般认为须在财政与宏观经济稳定、国内金融自由化基本完成,以及政府宏观调控能力较强的条件下推进。作为一个经济转型的发展中国家,我国面临的问题还很多。根据国际经验,在可兑换的条件下,只有以非现场监管为最基础的监管方式才能取得资本项目的有效管理,并将风险控制在合理范围内。因此,如何加强和完善非现场监管对于我国循序渐进、稳步推进资本项目可兑换具有重大的意义。近年来,为了更好地适应外汇管理方式逐步由直接管理转向间接管理,由事前审批转向事后监管的大趋势,非现场监管在我国已获得了一定的重视和完善,但同时仍存在着一些薄弱环节和不足之处。虽然实现资本项目可兑换的最终目标已在国内各界达成共识,但是还有许多问题有待深入研究,例如:在开放的顺序过程中,如何逐步加强监管基础、近期应当从哪些方面改善资本项目外汇非现场监管、如何构建非现场监管体系等。本文在“全面深入分析,注重可行性和操作性”的指导思想下,收集国内外大量相关的文献资料和研究报告,查阅我国现行的外汇管理主要规章制度,并通过各类专业杂志及相关网站获取了大量的统计数据和研究结果,在此基础上设计全文的研究思路和框架。本文结构分为五大部分。第一部分从资本项目外汇非现场监管的定义出发,介绍国内外资本项目外汇管理的研究成果,指出当前研究中的不足,提出本文的研究思路、研究方法。第二部分,考察我国资本项目外汇管理现状,在充分肯定成绩的同时,分析存在的差距。第三部分,剖析我国资本项目外汇非现场监管中存在的数据采集和共享、分析的广度和深度、非现场监管与现场监管的配合、外汇指定银行的代位监管四个方面的问题。并且借助经济学、公共管理学等理论,构建原因和效用模型,深入分析产生问题的主要原因,即监管效率、管理范畴、人员素质与重要性认识。第四部分,借鉴国内外资本项目外汇管理的先进经验,取长补短。第五部分,通过对资本项目外汇管理方法和手段进行研究,积极探索建立资本项目外汇非现场监管体系,初步提出了监管模式构想和相关配套措施,以期在日常管理中能及时了解和发现异常资本流动,从而改进和完善对资本项目的外汇管理,引导资本项目外汇资金有序合理流动。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since entering the WTO, the pace of the reform and opening to the outside world has been speeded up. China is increasingly involved in the world economic integration. Foreign economy is developing vigorously and balance of international payments is keeping surplus. And the Chinese state foreign exchange reserve is increasing rapidly and has reached 1,066,300 billions dollars at the end of 2006.China has been the largest country of foreign exchange overstepping Japan. Under the background of this , with the continually deepen of reform of form-mechanism of RMB exchange rate the exchanging process of capital account will must speed up continually too. The convertibility is a process and there is no unified criterion, but it is generally believed that it can be drove on the base of the stabilization of finance and macroeconomic, the financial deregulation of the domestic and the strong ability of macro-control. As a developing country that at the stage reforming, we china still face many problem that make the reform slow. According to the practice, only we establish a basic supervision way of off-site regulatory that we could pursue successful manage and keep the risk in certain degree. Therefore, enforcing and improving the off-site regulatory has a great significance to convertibility of capital account which is of great progressive and steady.In recent years , in order to be seasoned with the change from direct administration to indirect foreign exchange administration, form examining and approving beforehand to regulatory afterwards, we have attached more importance and improvement to the off-site regulatory, but there are also some weak segments and deficiencies. Although the final goal of achieving exchangeable in capital account has come to the common understanding both at home and abroad, however , there are many problems need to be studied in more details.For example, in the opening procedure , how to strengthen the basis of regulatory step by step? What aspects should we focus on recently to perfect current off-site foreign exchange administration of capital account? How to construct the system of the off-site regulatory,and so on.This chapter is just under the guiding ideology of“Analysis overall and thorough. Lay stress on feasibility and manipulability”, skimming through a flock of documentary material and researching report both at home and abroad about off-site foreign exchange administration of capital account, looking up current major regulation and systems of foreign exchange administration in our country, and abstained large quantities of statistical data, the latest information and researching outcome by means of all kinds of professional magazines and relevant websites, on this basis, we conceived the studying train of thought and frame of this thesis.The structure of this article can be divided into five parts. The first part starts from the definition of the capital item off-site regulatory, combining with the research achievement of capital item home and abroad, and points out the deficiency of the recent investigation. It brings forward the research thinking、approach. The second part, on the base of special examination about our country’s capital item foreign exchange’s general situation and the recent condition of management, we fully affirm our country that has gotten management success of capital item foreign exchange, and at the same time analyse the management distance. The third part points out the problem. The problem includes four aspects: the data we collect and share,the extent and depth of analysis, the cooperation of the off-site regulatory and site regulatory; the subrogation cantonment of foreign exchange appointed bank. Then, in virtue of the analysis about economics and public management’s theory, designing reason and avail model, analysis the main reason,that is controlling efficiency、management category、personnel stuff and recognition of importance. The fourth part on combining and comparing with the international experience,try to learn from others’s strong points to offset our weakness.The last part of the article, through the management method and mean’s investigation, actively explores and builds the capital item foreign exchange off-site regulatory system, brings forward the conceiving of controlling mode and related assorted measures. Expects to know and discover the unusual capital fluxion in time on everyday management; thereby improves and consummates the foreign exchange management of capital item and leads the capital item foreign exchange fund to flow regularly and logically.更多还原