【作者】 徐馨馨；

【导师】 王志跃；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究选用90只83周龄新扬州鸡公鸡为试验素材,采用单因子试验设计,随机分成3组,每组30只。试验期前两周,第一、二组均饲喂基础日粮(未添加锰)。从第三周开始,第一组继续饲喂基础日粮,而第二组饲喂补锰日粮,即基础日粮中添加锰100mg/kg(以MnSO4·H2O形式)。第三组全程饲喂补锰日粮。饲养试验从2006年12月27日持续至2007年3月8日,为期10周。本研究比较了三种不同的锰水平处理方式对公鸡部分生理生化指标及精浆、组织微量元素含量的影响,结果表明:1、试验前各组公鸡体重基本一致,随着饲养时间的延长,各组公鸡体重、睾丸指数均呈现增加趋势,但是三种处理对公鸡体重的影响不显著(P>0.05)。随着冬春季节的更替,逐渐延长的光照刺激促进了公鸡的睾丸生长。2、试验全期,各组血清琥珀酸脱氢酶活性均呈现略上升趋势,各处理间血清琥珀酸脱氢酶活性无显著性差异(P>0.05)。3、试验全期,各处理组睾丸乳酸脱氢酶活力均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。日粮应激能够短时间内提高睾丸乳酸脱氢酶活力,但随着试验的进行,由于公鸡体内存在着较完善的代偿性机制,使两周的试验期后,各组睾丸乳酸脱氢酶活力变化趋于平稳。4、试验全期,三种处理组的血清睾酮含量均呈现上升趋势,这与家禽的季节性繁殖特点有关,逐渐延长的光照刺激通过下丘脑-垂体门脉系统刺激了睾酮的分泌。而短期不添加锰后补锰,其血清睾酮含量出现了较大幅度的增加,分别在第五周初与第九周初出现显著差异(P<0.05)。说明短期不添加锰后补充的锰能迅速地被吸收入血液,转移至靶器官,刺激睾酮激素的合成与分泌。5、短期不添加锰后补锰能够增加睾丸组织锰含量。睾丸铁元素含量在个体间的差异较大。6、与其它哺乳类动物一样,家禽精浆中锌元素含量较高,这可能与锌在家禽繁殖性能中发挥着重要作用有关。7、精浆锌含量与精浆铜含量、血清睾酮浓度及睾丸指数的数值大小均呈现出了相似的变化趋势,即第二组略大于第一、三组。公鸡精浆中的锌、铜含量的提高对公鸡的繁殖性能是有利的。而精浆中过多的铁则不利于公鸡繁殖性能的提高。8、对睾丸的组织形态学观察结果得出,全期不添加锰组曲精细管内各级生精细胞排列疏松、紊乱、层次不清,紧贴管腔基膜的支持细胞松散排列。全期补锰组其支持细胞排列紧密,曲精细管内生精细胞层次较多,且排列紧密,管腔中央成熟的精子数较多。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three different treatments on manganese to physiological and biochemical indices, trace elements, contents in seminal plasma and testis of cockerels. 90 New Yangzhou cockerels of 83 weeks old was sampled, and randomly divided into three groupsⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ, with 30 cockerels each. In the first two weeks, groupⅠand groupⅡwere supplied with practical diet with no additional manganese. After two weeks later, cockerels of groupⅠcontinued to intake the practical diet, nevertheless groupⅡwas survived with diet with 100mg/kg manganese (by means of MnSO4·H2O) until the end of the experiment. GroupⅢwas constantly supplied with diet with additional 100mg/kg manganese. The results showed that:1. At the beginning of the experiment, there was no significant difference of weights among each group. Then the weights of cockerels and testis index all presented upgrade tendency, there was no significant difference among three kings of treatments(P>0.05). It also showed that, because of the extension of illumination, the weights of testis raised.2. During the whole stage of the experiment, the succinic dehydrogenase activities (SDA) of each group presented upgrade tendency. There was no significant difference of SDA between groups.3.There was no significant differences of lactate dehydrogenase activities among each group(P>0.05). The stress of diets, alteration could raise the LDH activities of testis in short terms. Following the experiment, LDH activities tended to be steady after two weeks later, because of the comp. mechanism existed in cockerels.4. During the whole stage of the experiment, the density of testosterone increased. It was concerned with the seasonal breeding of poultry. The illumination stimulated the secretion of T through hypophyseoportal system. Adding manganese with short terms of manganese deficiency could increase the density of testosterone (T) in blood serum with significant differences in the fifth and the ninth weeks. Manganese could quickly be absorbed in blood, transferred in critical organ, stimulating the synthesis and secretion of T.5. It showed that adding manganese of 100 mg/kg in practical diet after two weeks of manganese exhausted restrained the absorption of manganese. The contents of ferric were discrepancy among individual.6. Be similar to mammalian animals, the content of zinc in seminal plasma of poultry was higher than other trace elements, it may be concerned with the important effects of zinc in animals, reproduction.7. The tendency of the contents of zinc in seminal plasma was similar to the contents of copper in seminal plasma, the density of testosterone in blood serum, and testis index. Id estⅡwas slightly higher than other groups. It showed that, zinc and copper in seminal plasma made profit to the reproductive performance of cockerels. Excessive ferric in seminal plasma may hold back the reproductive performances of cockerels.8. The androgone in seminiferons tubule of groupⅠaligned sparse, confused, and the order was not clear, Sertoli,s laid loosely. The order of the androgone in seminiferons tubule of groupⅡwas clear, compact, and the ripe spermatozoa in lumens were more.更多还原