【作者】 马铁寨；

【导师】 杨军； 夏健松；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 河南省田径运动经过了发展、提高和滑坡的过程。目前河南省田径运动的资源承载能力有限,具体表现在经费不足,场地,器材严重缺乏、尚不具备科学指导条件,缺乏医务监督等方面。改善训练条件是科学化训练、实现田径运动顺利发展的物质条件。改革田径运动管理体制,精简机构,提高人才培养效益。既提高了训练科学化水平,又节约了大量的人力、物力和财力,适应田径运动训练工作的需要。为田径运动营造一个良好的训练环境。运动训练体制的建立,为田径运动员的培养和发展提供了一个很好的舞台,为河南省培养、输送优秀田径人才打下了基础。熟练掌握各个阶段的规律,是落实本体制的关键。竞技体育的竞争是科学技术、政治、经济体制和实力的竞争。纵观国际竞技体育发展史,以管理体制、训练体制、后备人才的选拔、教练员的培养作为竞技体育发展的根本保证,已是各国共同的历史经验、现实选择和发展趋势。而后备人才的发现和储备,还有一个最根本的前提:就是离不开“伯乐”。作为竞技体育的核心项目——田径,同样离不开对人才资源的开发和重视。对运动员和教练员的研究是个老生常谈的话题,任何运动项目包括田径运动无论走到哪一步,都离不开这两大主题,我们时刻都不能丢掉对其的重视和研究。面对河南省田径运动严重滑坡的现状,我们任何一个从事田径运动的人才都应去重视它、关注它。同时通过调查,获得详实的资料,发现真正制约和阻碍河南省田径运动发展的关键因素是:管理、训练、运动员和教练员。而运动员和教练员则是田径运动中最关键的人力资源,但河南省在这两个资源的质量方面却存在着严重的问题。认清运动员这一“主体”作用,强抓运动员自身建设,在对运动员进行科学训练的同时,努力提高运动员的文化知识,从而充分发挥运动员自身的科研、人才优势。做到选材—训练—提高文化知识一体化,对所选对象统筹考虑。既要选择成绩好的对象,又要顾及到对象的生长发育类型,避免以成绩选取运动员,选取早熟型的对象,造成“早熟—早拔—早衰”的恶性循环。合理运用教练员的“主导”作用,同时注重对教练员的各项建设,要意识到:“千里马常有,而伯乐不常有”这一古训,为河南省打造一支过硬的教练队伍。科研的匮乏,伴随着运动成绩的下滑。由于无鉴可借,本文的研究中引用和参考了国家和外省的研究经验,总结发展的共性,从中找出差别,透视我们的薄弱环节。为河南省田径运动寻求有效的发展对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 The track and field sports of Henan Province, through the course of developing, improving and coming down. The resource and bearing capacity of track and field sports of Henan Province are limited at present, show concretely that is short of money, the place , the apparatus lacks seriously, not still possesses science and guides the condition , the respect of supervising etc. that lack the medical matters. It is that the scientific process train; realize the material conditions developed smoothly in track and field sports to improve the condition of training.Reform the management system of track and field sports, streamline organizations, and improve the personnel training benefit. Have already improved the scientific level of training, economize a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources again, and meet the needs of training work in track and field sports. Build a good training environment for track and field sports. The movement trains the setting-up of the system, have offered a very good stage for the athlete’s cultivation and development, have laid a foundation for training, sending outstanding track and field talents in Henan Province. Grasp the laws of each stage skillfully; it is the key to implementing a system.The competition of athletics sports is the competitions of science and technology, politics, economic system and strength. Make a general survey of the international athletics sports development history, with management system, train the cultivation of system , reserve talents’ choosing , coach as the basic assurance of development of athletics sports, various countries’ common historical experience , reality have been chosen already and development trend. And the discovery and reserve of reserve talents, have a most basic prerequisite: Can’t do without“the Bole "s. Key project as athletics sports - -Track and field, development and attention not leaving to talent resources too. The study on athlete and coach is a topic of a commonplace, which step any sports events including no matter track and field sports walk, can not do without this two principal themes, we can’t lose their attention and study always. The current situation of coming down seriously in the face of the track and field sports of Henan Province, any talent engaged in track and field sports of ours should all go to pay attention to it of it, concern.Pass the investigation at the same time , get the full and accurate materials, find that the key factor that really restricts and hinders track and field sports development of Henan Province is: Manage, train, the athlete and coach. The athlete and coach are the most key human resources in the track and field sports, but the serious problem exists in quality of these two resources in Henan Province.See clearly athlete’s " subject " function, stress athlete’s self-building strongly, while carry on scientific training to the athlete , make great efforts to improve the athlete’s cultural knowledge, thus give full play to a athlete’s own scientific research , talent’s advantage . Select suitable materials - Training - Improve cultural knowledge to integrate, to selecting to consider as a whole in target. Should choose the target with good achievement , as well as take the target’s growth type into account to, it prevent from by achievement it choose athlete , it choose for a long time familiar target of, it cause " it is the early-maturing- draw early- early ageing" vicious circle. Use the coach’s " leading factor " function rationally, pay attention to every construction of the coach at the same time , realize: " there are the winged steeds, and the Bole seldom has " this ancient saying, make one and cross hard coach’s team for Henan Province ". The shortage of scientific research is following the gliding of sport achievement.Because have no ancient bronze mirror to borrow , quote and consult the research experience of the country and other provinces in the research of this text, summarize the generality of development, find out the difference from it , perspect our weak link . Seek the effective development countermeasure for the track and field sports of Henan Province.更多还原