【作者】 陈超凡；

【导师】 郝守才；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 刑法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 毫无疑问,在刑法学研究领域,“身份”是一个不容忽视的问题,无论是在古代诸刑法中,还是在近现代刑法中,“身份”都具有十分重要的地位。从目前本人掌握的资料来看,尽管许多国家的刑法都有关于身份方面的明文规定,但是到目前为止,有关身份的法定概念却极为罕见。而在我国现行刑法中,涉及各种具体身份的条文有许多,但却没有出现“身份”一词,更没有关于“身份”的法定概念,无论是总则性规范,抑或是分则性规范,都存在诸多不足之处;从我国刑法学界研究的范围来看,对各种身份犯罪研究的比较深入,而对身份的一般研究却相对比较薄弱,往往只把其作为研究其他理论时的附属物而予以研究,很少有学者对刑法中身份问题展开专门论述。针对此现状,本文尝试着用比较、归纳的方法对有关刑法中身份的研究成果进行归类总结,继而对刑法中身份的概念、特征、类型和作用进行重新界定,同时,并以我国现行《刑法》为蓝本,以分类列举的方法对刑法中涉及的不同身份进行梳理归类,在此基础上展开对刑法中身份涉及的相关问题进行探讨和研究。本文共分以下四个部分:第一部分:刑法中身份的概念。该部分首先对身份的一般概念和法律概念进行阐述,然后在此基础上对刑法中身份的概念进行重新界定。第二部分:刑法中身份的特征、类型和作用。该部分运用比较、归纳的方法在对中外诸多学者研究成果进行总结的基础上,对刑法中身份的特征、类型和作用进行揭示与界定。第三部分:不同身份在刑法中的作用和意义。该部分首先以我国现行《刑法》为蓝本,运用分类、归纳的方法对刑法中行为人的身份进行梳理,并在此基础上对行为人身份在刑法上的作用和意义进行探讨。之后,又着重对我国《刑法》中被害人、行为对象人身份进行梳理、归类,并尝试性地对其在刑法中的作用和意义进行探讨。第四部分:身份与特殊问题。该部分共分两个大的方面,第一个方面主要涉及的是身份与共同犯罪的相关问题。本文于此处在对国内外各种学说、观点介绍的基础上,着重对无身份者与有身份者、不同身份者共同实施犯罪的定性问题予以探讨。第二个方面主要是针对我国现行《刑法》规定之不足,建议在刑法总则中规定身份的概念及身份在共同犯罪中的作用,同时,在质疑的基础上对我国刑事立法中有关身份犯罪的一些问题进行反思与探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 There is no denying the fact that, in the field of criminal jurisprudence, status has been an important point that can not be ignored. Status, not only in the old criminal laws but also in the modern criminal laws, has had significant position. There are few criminal laws in the world, which, according to my gathered materials, include the general and legal concept of status, although there are many provisions which are relative to status. There are also many provisions in our criminal laws which includes special status, but no the idiom“status”, let alone lawful concept of status. Nowadays there are many deficiencies in both general provisions and specific ones of our criminal law. There has been a deep research in the crime of variety of statuses, from the sphere of criminal law in China, whereas there has been few scholars who make a special exploration of the questions of statuses ,where has been regarded as appendix of other theories, which is responsible for ignorance of the questions of statuses. This paper tries to redefine the concept character、type and role of status in the criminal laws on the basis of classification and summation of achievement of scientific research of status in the criminal laws by the method of contrast and conclusion, also study and explore some questions relate to status in the criminal laws on the base of the current criminal code of China and classification of status in the criminal laws by the method of classification and list. This paper can mainly be divided into four parts:The first part, the concept of status in the criminal laws, sets forth the general and legal concept of status and redefines the concept of status in the criminal laws.The second part, character、type and role of status in the criminal laws, reveals and limits character ,type and role of status in the criminal laws on the basis of classification and summation of Chinese and foreign achievement of scientific research of status in the criminal laws by the method of contrast and conclusion. The third part, roles and significances of various statuses in the criminal laws, sets forth the criminal role of status on the base of the current Chinese Criminal Code and classification of status in the criminal laws by the method of classification. And emphatically classified the status of the victims and target people of harmful actions and sets forth its criminal roles and significances.The forth part, some special criminal questions relative to the status, sets forth relative questions between the status and joint crime, emphatically explore the determination questions of joint crime which involves status and non-status and different status on the base of the introduction of various theories and standpoints, and proposes to add the concept of status and the role of status in joint crime directed against the many deficiencies in both general provisions and specific one in Chinese criminal code. On the other hand, the paper proposes to add the provisions of the concept of the status and role of the status in the joint crimes in the general provisions and research some questions relation to status in the criminal law.更多还原