【作者】 韦莹；

【导师】 韦鹏霄；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文以马铃薯品种广引1号、广引2号、广引3号、广引4号及思薯1号薯块及组培无菌苗为试验材料，系统地研究了马铃薯组织培养和试管微型薯的诱导，建立起5个马铃薯新品系的组织培养快繁体系。在试验中成功获得一批无菌苗，其中有4个马铃薯品种诱导出试管微型薯。为今后的研究工作提供材料和实验基础，为微型薯形成的研究提供了科学依据和借鉴。试验结果表明：1、马铃薯薯块及芽外植体消毒灭菌后在MS基本培养基中培养效果最好。2、芽外植体灭菌效果以5％次氯酸钠（NaClO）3min+0.1％升汞（HgCl₂）灭菌7min+70％酒精（CH₃CH₂OH）0.25min组合进行灭菌效果最佳，污染率最低为3.16％，平均出芽数最高为2.54，芽长势也最好。3、6-BA、NAA对芽外植体的诱导和分化有促进作用，最佳诱导培养基为MS+6-BA0.5mg·L^-1+NAA0.3 mg·L^-1+蔗糖30g·L^-1+0.1％活性炭，芽分化成苗率达最高，为73.53％，茎粗最大，诱导出的试管苗最整齐、最高，苗高达5.81cm，最高生根率达73.53％。4、系统研究了蔗糖浓度、激素（6-BA、NAA、KT、Met、B₉）对马铃薯试管苗继代增殖的影响。结果表明，蔗糖浓度为30g·L^-1对试管苗的培养效果最佳，6-BA、Met对苗的继代增殖有促进作用，KT不适合用于马铃薯试管苗的继代增殖，适当的B₉浓度对缩短试管苗的节间距效果显著，可以增加茎粗，提高苗素质。5、在马铃薯试管苗继代增殖培养基中，添加25ml·L^-1的椰子汁对苗继代增殖有一定的促进作用。最佳苗继代增殖培养基为MS+6-BA1.0mg·L^-1+NAA0.5mg·L^-1+Met1.0mg·L^-1+B₉15mg·L^-1+椰子汁25ml·L^-1，平均苗增殖倍数最高达3.07倍。6、马铃薯试管微型薯的诱导以MS基本培养基的诱导效果最好。7、不同激素组合对马铃薯试管微型薯的诱导效果不同，以激素组合6-BA0.5mg·L^-1+NAA0.3mg·L^-1+Coumarin25mg·L^-1对试管微型薯的诱导效果最好，但是5个马铃薯品种中，品种思薯1号没有结薯。8、蔗糖浓度为8％有利于诱导试管薯结薯，而且薯块较大；活性炭浓度为0.1％对试管薯结薯有促进作用。9、马铃薯组培中不同光照条件因子对试管微型薯诱导的影响不同，其中以黑暗光照周期交替培养对马铃薯试管微型薯的诱导效果最佳。10、不同取材部位对马铃薯试管微型薯诱导的效果不同，基部节段比较健壮，比顶部易于结薯，且薯块质量好。11、添加适当浓度的ABT对马铃薯试管苗生根效果显著，以组合MS+6-BA0.5mg·L^-1+NAA1.0mg·L^-1+Met2.0mg·L^-1+B₉20mg·L^-1+ABT2.0mg·L^-1为最佳培养基，平均生根率最高达94.10％，根数约为5.16条／苗。12、在马铃薯试管苗生根壮苗培养基中，添加30mg·L^-1的利福平对根粗有一定的促进作用。13、不同基质对试管苗移栽及结薯的影响不同，基质配比为腐殖土：泥炭土：河沙=1：1：1对马铃薯试管苗移栽效果最佳。14、在马铃薯试管苗不同移栽方法中，以单株带根方式移栽方法能提高成活率，植株生长良好。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this experiment, the lump and cultural plantlets of potato varieties includingGuangyin No.1, Guangyin NO.2, Guangyin No.3, Guangyin No.4 and Sishu No.1 wereused as the experimental materials. The system of tissue culture and microtuberinduction was studied and the tissue culture and rapid propagation system of 5 newpotato varieties was established. Some cultural plantlets and microtuber had beenobtained successfully. The results offered the materials, test basic and science referencefor the microtuber formation in the further research work. The experimental resultsindicated that:1、After sterilized the tuber and bud explants of potato, the best culture mediumwas MS.2、The combination of 5％NaCLO 3min+0.1％HgCL₂ 7min+70％CH₃CH₂OH0.25min was suitable to sterile the buds of potato, the contamination rate was 3.16％, thehighest average number of bud was 2.54, and the bud growing was the best.3、6-BA、NAA could promote the buds induction and differentiation. The optimalinduction medium was MS+6-BA0.5mg·L^-1+NAA0.3mg·L^-1+Sucros30g·L^-1+0.1％A.C.The rate of buds differentiation was 73.53％, the plantlets was thick and tall, came outevenly. The height of plant was 5.81cm, and the highest rate of root was 73.53％.4、Carried on systematic research on the influence of plantlets multiplicationabout concentration of sugar, hormones（6-BA, NAA, KT, Met, Bg）.The results showedthat sugar concentration with 30g·L^-1had optimal effect on the plantlet subculture, 6-BA and Met gave advantage function on the plantlet multiplication, KT was notsuitable to the plantlet multiplication. The suitable concentration of B₉ could shorten therange of stem, increased the thick of stem and raised the plantlet quality.5、In the medium of plantlets subculture, adding 25mg·L^-1 CM in the media wouldbenefit to the plantlet multiplication. The optimal subculture multiplication medium wasMS+6-BA1.0mg·L^-1+NAA0.5mg·L^-1+Met1.0mg·L^-1+B₉15mg·L^-1+CM25ml·L^-1.Theaverage number of plantlets multiplication achieved to 3.07.6、The optimal basic medium of microtuber induction was MS.7、Different hormone combination gave different responses to the effects ofmicrotuber induction. The optimal hormone combination for microtuber induction was6-BA0.5mg·L^-1+NAA0.3mg·L^-1+Coumarin25mg·L^-1.Among 5 potato varieties, SishuNo.1 had no microtuber.8、Sugar with 8％concentration was advantage to the microtuber induction, andthe microtuber was bigger. AC with 0.1％concentration could promote the tuberization.9、Different light condition gave different effects on microtuber induction. Theculture of dark alternates with light was best ways to microtuber induction.10、Different position of materials gave different effects on microtuber induction.The basilar section of stem was stronger than the top section and easier to inducemicrotuber, and the quality of microtuber was the best.11、The effect of root induction was notable when added the suitable concentrationof ABT to the medium. In the culture of root induction and sound seeding, the optimalmedium was: MS+6-BA0.5mg·L^-1+NAA1.0mg.L^-1+Met2.0mg·L^-1+B₉20mg·L^-1+ABT2.0mg·L^-1. The average of root induction rate was 94.10％,the number of root was 5.16.12、In the medium of root induction and sound seeding of potato plantlet, adding30mg·L^-1 Rifampicin in the media could promote the root thick.13、Different matrixes showed different effects on plantlet transplanting andmicrotuber formation. The optimal effect of transplanting was（humus soil: peatysoil: river sand=1: 1: 1）.14、In different ways of transplant on the plantlets, the way of transplant with singleplant and root could promote the survival rate, and the plants grew well.更多还原