【作者】 杨永义；

【导师】 黄建；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 农业昆虫与害虫防治， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文在不同温度条件下，研究了烟草、一品红、假连翘和扶桑四种寄主植物上烟粉虱的发育、存活及繁殖力等情况，以及测定了烟粉虱成虫在四种寄主植物上栖息、取食的选择性；利用Y形嗅觉仪测定了烟粉虱成虫对四种寄主植物气味的选择性；同时，研究了花椰菜、烟草、假连翘上小黑瓢虫的发育、存活、繁殖力及捕食状况，测定小黑瓢虫成虫在三种寄主植物上的耐饥力。探讨利用花椰菜、烟草、假连翘三种寄主植物繁育烟粉虱进行小黑瓢虫的人工繁殖。主要研究结果如下：1．36℃时，烟粉虱在四种寄主植物上均不能正常生长发育，16-31℃温度范围内，烟粉虱发育历期随着温度的升高而缩短，31℃时烟粉虱在四种寄主植物上由卵至成虫的发育历期分别为：烟草(13.88d)、扶桑(19.48d)、假连翘(20.69d)、一品红(22.11d)；26-31℃时烟粉虱的存活率最高，四种寄主植物中在烟草上最高(62.63％)，一品红上最低(44.89％)；26℃时烟粉虱成虫寿命、每雌产卵量均最高，四种寄主植物中烟粉虱成虫寿命在烟草上最长(雌虫27.33d，雄虫20.33d)，扶桑上最短(雌虫10.75d，雄虫10.50d)，每雌产卵量烟草上最高(337.80粒)，扶桑上最低(57.20粒)；26℃时烟草、假连翘最适宜烟粉虱种群繁育，种群增长指数在烟草上最高(117.95)，假连翘、一品红上次之(107.86、37.69)，扶桑上最低(16.64)；烟粉虱在四种寄主植物上的形态大小无明显差异。2．烟粉虱成虫对四种寄主植物栖息、取食的选择性，以烟草最高(38.72％)，假连翘、一品红次之(37.88％、18.44％)，扶桑最低(4.96％)；烟粉虱成虫对四种寄主植物的叶片气味均有明显趋性，并且不同寄主植物之间差异显著。3．小黑瓢虫在花椰菜、假连翘、烟草上三种寄主植物的生长发育、生殖力、形态大小、捕食能力均无显著差异，但小黑瓢虫的存活率花椰菜(73.33％)、假连翘(75.00％)上高于烟草(61.67％)；小黑瓢虫的幼虫捕食能力随着龄期的增加而增强，雌成虫捕食能力高于雌成虫。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development, survival and reproduction of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on four species of host plants [tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd), golden dewdrop (Duranta repens L.), Chinese hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) ] were studied in different temperatures. The inhabit and feeding preference of adult B. tabaci to four species of host plants were studied. The preference of adult B. tabaci to the odour of four species of host plants were tested by using Y-tube olfactory. Moreover, the development, survival, reproduction and predatory quantity, also and starving endurance of Delphastus catalinae on three species of host plants (cauliflower, tobacco, golden dewdrop) were studied. We successfully reared Delphastus catalinae by using B. tabaci hosting on three species of host plants (cauliflower, tobacco, golden dewdrop).The main results obtained were as follows:1. B. tabaci developes not well on four species of host plants at 36℃. The development duration of B. tabaci on four species of host plants become short with temperature increasing from 16℃to 31℃. Reared on tobacco, Chinese hibiscus, golden dewdrop and poinsettia, the development duration from egg to larva of B. tabaci are 13.88, 19.48, 20.69 and 22.11 days at 31℃respectively. From 26℃to 31℃, the total survival rate from egg to adult are highest on four kinds of host plants., with the highest (62.63 % ) on tobacco and the lowest (44.89% ) on poinsettia. The longevity and reproduction of adult B. tabaci are highest on four species of host plants at 26℃, with the longest (female:27.33days, male:20.33days) on tobacco and the lowest(female: 10.75days, male:10.50days)on Chinese hibiscus. The average numbers of eggs laid by per female are highest on four species of host plants at 26℃, with the highest (337.80) on tobacco and the lowest (57.20) on Chinese hibiscus. Tobacco and golden dewdrop are the best host plants for mass rearing of B. tabaci at 26℃, and the population trend index of B. tabaci on four species of host plants were 117.95 on tobacco, 107.86 on golden dewdrop, 37.86 on poinsettia and 16.24 on Chinese hibiscus respectively. The physique difference of B. tabaci is not obvious on four host plants.2. The inhabit and feeding preference of adult B. tabaci to four species of host plants are 38.72% on tobacco, 37.88% on golden dewdrop, 18.44% on poinsettia and 4.96% on Chinese hibiscus respectively. B. tabaci could be attracted by the odour of four plants, and the difference is obvious between different kinds of plants.3. The differences of development, survival, reproduction, physique size and predatory quantity of D. catalinae are not obvious reared on three species of host plants(cauliflower, tobacco, golden dewdrop), but the total survival rate of D. catalinae from egg to adult on cauliflower(73.33%) and on golden dewdrop(75.00%) are higher than that on tobacco(61.67%). The predatory quantity of larva D. catalinae becomes high with instar increasing, and the adult females are better than the adult males on predatory quantity.更多还原