【作者】 贺军；

【导师】 郑郁善； 黄启堂；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 水土保持与荒漠化防治， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人们对混交林认识的不断深入，混交林的营造已日益受到人们的重视。在我国南方毛竹混交林的营造面积不断增加，但是对于如何正确选择毛竹优良混交树种则存在相当的盲目性，其中毛竹与混交树种间的生物化学关系(即化感作用)往往被忽略，从而造成混交效果不理想，甚至混交失败。毛竹(Phyllostachys heterocycla cv.pubescens)在农林经济及林业产业结构上占有重要地位。加强毛竹林培育，大力发展毛竹产业，不仅能加快竹业经济发展，促进高效林业建设，而且对振兴山区林业经济、帮助竹农脱贫致富奔小康、加速社会主义新农村建设、改善生态环境都具有重要意义。然而在长期的林业生产实践过程中，广大林农为经营方便，营造了大面积的毛竹纯林，这不仅影响了毛竹林的林地生产力，也严重影响了毛竹林的可持续经营。本文通过生物评价对毛竹干叶分解过程中对杉木种子的化感效应进行连续检测，为毛竹混交树种的选择奠定理论基础。研究结果表明：1．干叶在分解过程中，从干叶中浸提的化感物质对杉木种子发芽在不同的分解阶段表现出不同的作用，有时为抑制作用，有时为促进作用。2．浸提的干叶弱极性和极性化感物质对杉木种子各发芽指标存在不同程度的影响。三种浓度处理(50mg／kg，100mg／kg，200mg／kg)处理之间相比，一般表现为低浓度促进高浓度抑制的现象。3．在分解过程中，从干叶中浸提的化感物质对杉木种子各发芽指标一般在分解到六个月到九个月时存在强烈的抑制或促进作用，而分解到十二个月时，释放的化感物质也随着时间的延长进一步分解而失去活性，抑制或促进作用减弱或转化为促进作用或抑制作用。4．分解过程中，从干叶浸提的化感物质对杉木种子发芽在开始阶段有时存在抑制作用，在后期抑制作用减弱或转化为促进作用。分解土中浸提的化感物质对绝对发芽率、绝对发芽势、和干重指标在分解到六个月到九个月时表现出明显的抑制或促进作用，到十二月后又表现为促进作用，对平均根长、平均胚长和鲜重指示有时存在抑制作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Abstract:Along with researching deeply on the mixed forest, people paid attention to construction of mixedforest increasingly. The constructing area of mixed forest increased constantly in southern in country, but asfor how to select excellent mixed species correctly, there was equivalent blindness. The biochemistryrelation( namely allelopathy ) between Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens and mixed species wasoften neglected, thus resulted to defeat.Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. pubescens had the important position in farming and forestry economyand industrial structure of forestry. Strengthening its cultivation and ?ndustrialization,can not only quickenthe development of economy, promote the forestry construction of efficiency, but also develop forestryeconomy in mountain area vigorously, help farmers to be rich , accelerate construction of socialism newrural area, improve ecology environment. But many forest farmers planted the pure forest of Phyllostachysheterocycla cv. pubescens in many areas for convenience of construction. It influenced not only theproductivity of forestry land but also its sustainable development..However the former allelopathy research neglected allelopathy of Phyllostachys heterocycla cv.Pubescens litter in the decomposition process. Therefore, the allelopathy of its litter has been mensuratedunceasingly by bioassy in the decomposition process in expectation of the provision of theoreic basis forthe resolution for mixed planting problems.The results of the experiments were following:1 .In the decomposition experiments of litter, Allelochemicals extracted form litter had different effecton the different Chinese fir seeds germination index, sometime Allelochemicals extracted form litter hadinhibitory effects but sometime had stimulating effects.2 Polarity and litter-Polarity allelochemicals extracted from litter had different effect on Chinese firseeds germination index respectively. Among the three concentrations, the inhibitory effect of treatment200mg/kg were prior to that of treatment 100mg/kg and 50mg/kg. In general the low concentration hadstimulating effects and the high concentration hadinh?bitory effects.3．The allelochemicals extracted from litter have the intense inhibitory or stimulating effect on theabsolute germination rate, potential, radicle growth, plumular axis growth, fresh weight and dry weightmarkedly when the decomposition prolong to nine months generally. During the full process ofdecomposition, the amount of allelochemicals were decreased, when the decomposition prolonged totwelve months generally , released allelochemicals had lost activity along with prolonging of thedecomposition. The inhibity or stimulating effects got weak,sometimes,changed into the inhibity orstimulating effects.4 During the decomposition of litter, Allelochemicals extracted form litter sometimes had inhibitoryeffects on Chinese fir seeds germination index at the beginning and weakended or changed into stimulatingeffects later. Allelochemicals extracted form decomposed soil had markly inhibitory or stimulating effectson the absolute germination rate, potential and dry weight , when the decomposition prolonged to ninemonths , but had stimulating effects , after twelve months and sometimes had inhibitory effects on the average of radicle growth, plumular axis growth, fresh weight.Subject words:phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens;Allelopathic effect; Allelopathy更多还原