【作者】 柴霞；

【导师】 冯维；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 发展与教育心理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人口老龄化程度的不断提高，我国老年人口数量日益庞大，养老问题日益突出，成为全社会关注的热点问题。在我国，由于缺乏健全的社区服务网络和各种老年服务机构，家庭养老仍是我国主要的养老模式。子女支持对家庭养老具有重要的作用。迄今为止，我国尚未有从心理学角度对重庆城区老年人家庭养老期待与子女支持的相关研究。为此，本研究进行了这方面的探索。研究结果发现：(1)本研究编制的老年人家庭养老期待问卷与子女支持问卷都具有良好的信度和效度，符合心理测量学的要求，可以作为老年人家庭养老期待与子女支持的测量工具。(2)老年人家庭养老期待可以分为三个维度：困难经济支持期待、宽裕经济支持期待、非经济支持期待；与养老期待相对应，子女支持也分为三个维度：困难经济支持、宽裕经济支持、非经济支持。(3)随着老年人年龄的增长，他们对子女支持的期待呈增高趋势；不同年龄段的老年人在非经济支持期待方面存在较显著差异；子女年龄在子女支持的三个因子上都存在显著差异；随着子女年龄的增长，他们为老年父母提供的支持呈增高趋势；收入高的子女对老年父母提供的经济支持较多。(4)不同性别的老年人在总体家庭养老期待上存在差异。女性老年人对家庭养老的期待高于男性老年人，且差异显著；表现在女性老年人对于困难经济支持和宽裕经济支持的期待都显著高于男性老年人，而在非经济支持期待上不存在显著性。(5)不同性别的子女在对父母的支持上不存在显著差异。(6)婚姻状况、子女数量以及情绪对老年人家庭养老期待总水平有显著的影响。老年人的居住条件、自理能力对困难经济支持期待有显著相关。老年人的文化、退休金以及退休前的职业与养老期待的三方面均存在显著相关。(7)老年人家庭养老期待问卷的三个维度对子女支持都有显著影响。影响因素中的诸因素除子女性别和文化程度外，其他因素对子女支持的影响都是以老年人家庭养老期待为中介的。更多还原

【Abstract】 More and more urban people get older, and the urban model old age support is focused by the old age study and the sociology. Also by the entire society. In our country, Pension issues have become increasingly obvious, the entire society has become a hot issue. At present, family support the elder is still our major mode, for the short of an effective network of community service agencies and various age-related services. So children support their parents plays an important role in our country. We didn’t have any correlation analysis about home care and child support for elder people in Chongqing from the point of psychology. This study is carried out to explore this area. Through the study, we found some conclusions following:I . The questionnaire we writed about the elder support has a good reliability and validity. It meets the psychological demands, so we can use it as the measurement tools in the area of eldercare.II. The family support expectation for older people to enjoy their life can be divided into three parts: the difficult financial expectation the lenient financial expectation the not-financial expectation; Similarly, the support expectation for children can be divided into three parts: the difficult financial the lenient financial the not-financial.III. When the elder become older and older, they become more and more hope their children come to support them and take care of them. In different ages the elder has an notable different emotional needs. Children’s age also effect them notablely in support their parents in three factors. When the children grow up, they provide more help to their parents and high-income children provide more economic support to their old parents. IV. The old people who is unlike sex provides for the aged in population family having expected that existence difference. Female old people expectation providing for the aged to the family is higher than the male sex old people, and the difference is notable. This difference is shown being in hold out to difficult economy and ample female old people economy support’s expecting all the notable old people higher than the male sex, But hold out having expected that nonexistent notable in noneconomy.V. The son or daughter who is unlike sex does not have notable difference on the support to parents.VI. Marital status, son or daughter quantity and mood direct on the older people family providing for the aged expecting that general level has notable effect. Housing conditions of the older people, takes care of self after face to face difficult ability economy support scheduled time having notable be being related to. Culture, retirement pension of older people and the front occupation retiring shoulder a relevance as well as equal existence in three aspects with providing for the aged is notable.VII. The three parts from the questionnaires have marked effect on sons and daughters. Except for their sex and the cultural degree, other factors through the support expectation for older people to enjoy life that make effect on the support from their sons and daughters.更多还原