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“8.16”华北暴雨的数值模拟和诊断分析

Numerical Simulation and Diagnostic Analysis of the Rainstorm Process in North China Occurred on August 16 2005

【作者】 王欢

【导师】 刘宣飞; 寿绍文; 姚学祥;

【作者基本信息】 南京信息工程大学 , 气象学, 2007, 硕士

【摘要】 本文利用MICAPS资料、NCEP资料以及自动气象站的1h降水量资料对2005年8月16日~17日发生在华北地区的大暴雨过程(以下简称“8.16”华北暴雨)的环流形势和影响系统进行诊断分析。高空槽和副热带高压是这次暴雨过程产生的大尺度影响系统;700hPa、850hPa切变线以及切变线上的辐合中心;冷暖气流的交汇,地面低涡都是此次暴雨过程产生的影响系统。同时,对流层中低层偏南气流的维持为暴雨过程的产生和维持提供了充足的水汽,暴雨区上空的层结不稳定为暴雨的产生提供了良好的环境。利用雷达资料对此次暴雨过程发生、发展进行分析,此次降水过程中的强降水都是由β中尺度以及更小尺度的对流云团引起的。雷达强回波中心以及逆风区的演变过程能很好的反映此次强降水的过程的演变。采用NCEP资料、地面观测资料和探空资料,利用中尺度数值模式MM5对此次暴雨过程进行数值模拟。在模式结果比较理想的情况下,利用模式输出的的高时空分辨率的网格资料分析了此次暴雨过程的产生和维持机制。结果表明,在此次暴雨过程中有干冷空气的侵入。干侵入对降水过程的产生和维持有重要的作用;干冷空气向下传输使得地面温度降低,气压增大,辐合加强,从而促使对流运动的发展;干侵入向南向下发展有利于低层气旋的发展。

【Abstract】 By employing the observational data froms MICAPS system, NCEP reanalysis dataand the lh rainfall of the automatic meteorological observing station, a heavyrainstorm happened in North China during the period from 0000 UTC 16 August to 0000UTC 17 August 2005 is diagnozed. The analyses show that the upper trough subtropicalhigh are the macro-scale impact system. The shear line, the conflict of warm and coldmass and low is the influence system. At the same time, the plentiful water vapor andunstable are favor for the form and maintenance of rainfall.The composite reflectivity and base velocity of radar show that the MCS bringabout the heavy rain, and the development of strong echo and anti-wind area reflectthe change of the rainfall area and rainfall density.The mesoscale numerical model MM5 is used to simulate the rainstormprocess, and the output is reasonable. We use the output of the model to analyzethe mechanism of this rainfall, and we find that dry intrusion had importantimpaction on the rainstorm. The dry air in the upper troposphere intruded into thelower layer make the surface temperature and surface pressure change, and theconvergence enhanced. Moreover dry intrusion was propitious to the development andenhancement of the cyclone.

  • 【分类号】P458.121.1
  • 【被引频次】2
  • 【下载频次】250
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