【作者】 李新宇；

【导师】 汤一卒；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本实验以棉花杂交抗虫品种南抗98-7为材料，以缩节胺正常化调，配合使用不同的外源调节物质组合，于初花喷施BF₁，花后15天喷施CC、NAA及CC与BF₁的混合液、NAA与BF₁的混合液四种组合；从产量与产量结构、成铃机理以及生理代谢等几方面，探索了组合外源物质对棉花成铃的影响。主要结论如下：不同组合外源调节物质处理对产量结构的调节效应，BC和BBC处理对铃数和铃重表现显著的增强效应，增产优势明显，BN处理通过显著提增铃重而获得一定的产量优势，BBN显著降低了铃重，增产优势不明显。BC、BBC和BN处理均提高了优质铃产量，以BBC的提增效应最为显著，从优质铃对总皮棉产量的贡献份额分析，各处理差异不明显，均达到了97％以上。不同组合外源调节物质处理对棉花成铃机理的影响，从成铃强度和成铃率来看，BC、BBC和BN处理提高了第一次喷（初花）后28-42天和56天的成铃强度和成铃率，BBN处理提高了第一次喷（初花）后21-42天的成铃强度和成铃率，其中BC和BBC处理提增成铃强度的效应最明显。从成铃时空分布来看，BC和BBC处理较对照均显著提高了伏桃、早秋桃和晚秋桃铃数，其中在早秋桃成铃数上优势更明显，BN和BBN处理显著提高了伏桃和晚秋桃铃数，其中在伏桃铃数上的优势更明显，但却显著降低了早秋桃铃数。BBC处理显著提高了内外围成铃数，BC处理显著提高了内围和中上部外围的成铃数，BN处理主要通过中下部内围以及上部外围来实现增铃的调节，BBN处理主要提高了中下部内围和上下部外围铃数。从铃重来看，BBC处理全程提高棉铃铃重，BC、BN和BBN可以提高伏桃铃重，但对早秋桃铃重无明显的提增效应。BBN提高了下部内外围铃重，BBC显著提高了除下部内围外的下部外围和中上部内外围铃重，BC提高了下部外围和中部内围果节铃重，BN提高了下部内外围和中上部内围铃重，在上部外围果节各处理均降低了铃重。不同组合外源调节物质处理均显著提高了单铃籽棉的干物重累积量和籽棉干物质积累的强度。生殖器官的干物质积累强度，BC处理在各个时间段均表现显著增强效应，BBC处理在0-30天、45-60天，BN和BBN处理在0-15天、45-60天内表现增强效应。各处理均不同程度的提高了果枝叶单叶净光合速率，提高了最大叶面积指数，延长了叶面积高峰期的维持时间，提高了棉花下、中、上三部位果枝叶的叶绿素含量。BC和BBC处理中上部果枝叶的可溶性糖含量的增长效应明显，BN处理显著提高了上下部果枝叶的可溶性糖含量，BBN处理对三部位果枝叶的可溶性糖含量均有显著的提增效应。各组合调节处理均提高了果枝叶片POD活性，BBC、BN和BBN处理提高了SOD活性，降低了MDA含量，增强了抗氧化能力，延长了功能期。更多还原

【Abstract】 This experiment was carried out with the variety of Nankang 98-7, differentcompound exogenous regulating substances were applied on cotton boiling period.Six combined exogenous regulating substances treatments were conducted as follows:BF₁ were sprayed on early flowering and CC, NAA, mixture of CC and BF₁, mixtureof NAA and BF₁ were sprayed on 15 days later to study effect on cotton bolling. Theresults were as follows:Yield and yield components were changed by six treatments. Number of bolls andboll weight were increased significantly by BC and BBC to abtain higher yield, BNabtained higher yield by increased boll weight. BBN reduced boll weight and its yieldwas influnced. BC, BBC and BN increased yield of high-quality bolls and BBCincreased high-yield of quality bolls most significantly. The proportion of yield ofhigh-quality bolls were above 97 percent had no significant differences on alltreatments,Mechanism of cotton bolling was changed by combined exogenous regulatingsubstances. From ratio of boll retained and intensity of fruit retention, BC, BBC andBN increased those in 28-42 and 56 days after spraying, BBN increased those in21-42 days after spraying; From spatio-temporal distribution of cotton, the number ofbolls in hot days and autumn were increased by BC, BBC, that in hot days and lateautumn by BN and BBN, the number of bolls in early autumn were reduced by BNand BBN, the number of bolls were increased on inner and outer branches by BBC,that on inner and middle and upper outer by BC, that on middle and lower innerbranches and upper outer branches by BN, that on middle and lower inner branchesand upper and lower outer branches by BBN. From boll weight of cotton, BBCincreased boll weight all the time, boll weight in hot days were increased by BC, BN,and BBN, that on lower inner and outer branches by BBN, that on lower outer andmiddle inner branches by BC, that on lower inner and outer branches and middle andupper inner branches by BN, BBC increased boll weight on middle and upperbranches and reduced that on lower inner branches. All treatments reduced bollweight on upper outer branches.Mixture dry weight of seedcotton and accumulation rate of seedcotton dry weight were increased by all treatments. Intensity of dry weight auumulatin of reproductiveorgan was inforced by BC all the time, inforced by BBC at 0-30, 45-60 days,inforced by BN and BBN at 0-15, 45-60days. Different combined exogenousregulating substances also increased net photosynthetic rate, LAI, Chlorophyll contentof leaves on lower, middle and upper sympodia brabches. Content of souble sugar ofleaves on middle and upper sympodia node were increased by BC and BBC, that onlower and upper sympodia node were increased by BN, that on lower, middle andupper sympodia node were increased BBN. POD activity of sympodia leaves wereincreased by four combined exogenous regulating substances treatment. SOD activityof sympodia leaves were increased by BBC, BC and BN, All combined exogenousregulating substances treatment reduced content of MDA of sympodia leaves.更多还原