【作者】 徐君；

【导师】 朱苏康；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 纺织工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文简要介绍了抗菌织物的研究意义和国内外研究现状以及无机抗菌剂研究的新进展。通过分析纳米粉体抗菌的作用机理，选用纳米锐钛矿相TiO₂和SiO₂-Ag粉体作为抗菌剂。考虑织物的后整理主要以水为介质，采用去离子水为分散相后，研究了纳米粉体在水中的分散行为。采用沉降实验、ζ电位测定等方法考察了超声振荡和pH值对纳米颗粒．水分散体系稳定性的影响。依据纳米粉体在介质中的分散机理与理论，通过沉降实验，确定选用（NaPO₃）₆作为分散剂。在利用ζ电位研究了分散剂对纳米粉体表面电性的影响的基础上，探讨了分散剂用量、pH值对体系分散稳定性的影响，初步确定了抗菌纳米粉体的分散工艺。采用激光粒度仪对该工艺下制备的纳米粉体悬浮液的分散性能进行测试、表征，结果表明其具有良好的分散稳定性。鉴于本课题选用的分散剂可以使TiO₂与SiO₂-Ag具有较为接近的表面电性，且分散工艺相差不大，因此尝试通过将TiO₂和SiO₂-Ag复合使用，以获得更佳的抗菌效果。所以，以对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄杆菌的抗菌率为指标，通过对纳米粉体的混合比、分散剂用量及悬浮液pH值进行正交实验确定的最佳复配工艺方案为：纳米粉体混合比（SiO₂-Ag：TiO₂）为70：30，分散剂用量为0.15％，pH值为8.5。用获得稳定分散的抗菌悬浮液浸轧布样，进行扫描电镜测试，由电镜照片证明优化工艺下制备的混合粉体悬浮液具有良好的分散性能。同时证明整理后的棉织物获得了良好的抗菌效果：经过最佳整理液整理后的棉织物在5min内对大肠杆菌的杀菌率为100％，对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率为96.1％。作为功能整理织物不仅要有良好的抗菌性能，还要有一定的耐洗性和良好的服用性能。因此本文分析了粘合剂和柔软剂的性能及其与棉织物的结合方式后，以FWT为粘合剂，以具有偶联作用的双氨基硅作为柔软剂，探讨了它们对纳米粉体悬浮液分散性能的影响。以对织物外观影响较为明显的白度和对织物手感影响较为明显的拉伸应变率为指标，通过三因子三水平正交实验就粘合剂用量、柔软剂用量及渗透剂用量等工艺参数进行实验，最终确定最佳工艺为：在300g溶液中，粘合剂FWT用量为20g，氨基硅柔软剂用量为0.5g，JFC渗透剂用量为0.3g。使用该最优工艺制作的样品，当抗菌剂与抗菌整理液的质量比为1：50时，所制得的抗菌织物根据中华人民共和国国家标准GB8629-88，进行十回水洗后对大肠杆菌的抗菌率达到99.89％，对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率为80.7％，都远远超出了卫生部规定的26％的标准。最后，本文对最佳工艺整理前后的棉织物的相关物理性能进行检测，结果表明织物的经向断裂强力保持率为87.8％，纬向断裂强力保持率为89.7％；无论是急弹还是缓弹，整理后的棉织物的经纬向折皱回复角都比未整理的空白布样的折皱回复角大；整理后织物的经向白度减少率为3.1％，纬向白度减少率为3.4％；经纳米抗菌整理后织物透湿性较整理前下降了8.15％，透气性下降了13.4％。以上相关物理性能指标的变化都在可接受范围内，所以该后整理对整体服用性能影响不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper reviews the meaning of the antibacterial fabric brieflyand introduces the progress on the research of inorganic antibacterial.According to analyzing the antibacterial mechanism of the nanopower,nano TiO₂ （Anatase） and nano SiO₂-Ag have been selected as theantibacterial agents. As the water will be the medium of the finishing,the distilled water has been chosen to be the dispersed phase. Then Idid some subsiding experiments andζpotential testing to discuss thedispersing activity of the nanopowder in the distilled water. Thenultrasonic vibration and PH value’s effect on the nano particle wasbeen found. According to the nano powder’s dispersing mechanism andtheory in the water medium and the subsiding experiments, the（NaPO₃） ₆ has been chosen as the dispersant. On the basis of havingstudied the dispersant’s effect on the surface electronic nature of nanopowder by the way ofζpotential, the influence of dispersant agent andpH value to the stabilization of dispersion system was discussed. So thedispersing flow of antibacterial finishing is determined primarily. Laser Size Analyzer has been applied to show the good dispersingperformance of the nano suspended liquid.Given that the dispersants selected can make TiO₂ and SiO₂-Aghave the similar electric nature on the surface and similar dispersionflow, I tried to mix those two so as to obtain better antibacterialperformance. In the view of this the antibacterial rate was used as theindex to make orthogonal experiments of the mixing rate of nanopowder, the dose of the dispersant and the pH value of the suspendedliquid to determine the best mixing formula which can make thefinished cotton textile with the fine antibacterial performance both onE.coli and MSSA. The optimum results are shown as follows: themixing rate of （SiO₂-Ag:TiO₂） is 70:30, the dose of the dispersant is0．15% and the pH value is 8．5．The suspended powder’s gooddispersing performance on the cotton fabric is shown by SEM. Theantibacterial rate of the finished fabric is shown as follows: theanti-E.coli rate is 100% and the anti-MSSA rate is 96．1% in 5 min.The functional finishing fabrics should not only have the fineantibacterial performance but also have fine wash durability andwearability. After having analyzed the performance of the bond, softagent and their ways of combining with the cotton textile, FWT hasbeen chosen as the bond and amin-silance as the soft agent. Accordingto the subsiding experiments, I was sure that there was no influence to the dispersion of nano powder. Using the ZBD whiteness and strainrate as the index to make orthogonal experiments of the dose of FWT,the soft agent and the infiltration dosage to determine the best mixingformula. The optimum results are shown as follows: the dose of FWTis 20g, the dose of soft agent is 0．5g and the infiltration is 0．3g in 300gsolutions. The antibacterial rate of the finished fabric after 10 timeswash cycle according to the GB8629-88 is shown as follows: theanti-E.coli rate is 99．89% and the anti-MSSA rate is 80．7%. It isobvious that the result is better than the 26% which is the standard inthe GB8629-88．After treating the cotton fabric with the optimum finishing, Icarried out the performance comparison experiments of the finishedand unfinished fabric, including the tearing and break tenacity, wrinklecrease recovery angle, ZBD whiteness, water vapour permeability, airpermeability and so on. The numerical value of the significant testingafter finishing showed a little change in the performance of cottonfabric. The average maintaining rate of warp tenacity is 87．8% and theweft tenacity is 89．7%. The wrinkle crease recovery angle increased.The ZBD whiteness of warp direction reduced by 3．1% and weft by3．4%. The average air permeability is reduced by 13．4%, and theaverage water vapor transmission is reduced by 8．15%. The resultrepresents that the antibacterial finishing has little effect on the wearability of the fabric.Xu Jum （Textile Engineering）Supvervised by Professor Zhu Sukang更多还原