超声波技术处理苯酚和乙醇废水的研究

【作者】 方婷；

【导师】 罗康碧；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 化学工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 水资源污染是世界各国普遍面临的急需解决的问题之一，特别是对那些生物难降解的有机污染物的处理，一直是环保领域的一个重要研究课题。声化学技术作为一种新的边缘交叉学科，在水污染处理，尤其是在处理废水中难降解的有毒有机污染物方面，已取得了显著的进展，表现出其良好的应用前景。本文介绍了超声波在处理废水中的应用原理及机理，并以苯酚和乙醇两种常见有机物作为有机废水的主要成分，利用间歇声变幅杆浸入式声化学反应器对模拟废水进行超声处理，通过实验研究发现：(1)废水初始pH值、初始浓度、超声时间、超声功率、曝气流量等因素对化学需氧量COD的去除率有影响，并得出了不同条件下的降解规律：增加超声时间有利于有机物的降解；低浓度有机物废水超声处理的效果比高浓度的有机废水好；不同有机物都对应存在一个较好的超声功率值；曝气流量越大越有利于超声降解；废水的破碎量越小越有利于超声降解；不同的有机物都对应着一个较好的初始pH值。(2)苯酚和乙醇的超声降解反应均符合一级反应，它们的动力学方程分别为：C_A=6.3853 exp(-0.0008t)和C_A=12.87 exp(-0.0042t)。(3)添加Fenton试剂及采用不同超声设备时，化学需氧量COD的去除率有较明显的提高，说明联合处理技术能有效地提高超声降解效果，而连续声变幅杆浸入式声化学反应器降解效果较好。实验结果表明单一超声降解酚、醇有机物时，总体COD去除率均不高；而超声联合降解技术可有效地提高COD的去除率。通过本课题的研究不仅加深对超声降解机理的认识，也为超声降解的实际应用提供一定的参考依据；为进一步的超声降解有机物研究奠定了一定的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Water pollution is one of the most urgent problems, which has to be soluted, specially the treatment of the difficult degradable organic pollutants ,which is the important topic of protectical environment research. As a kind of new interdisciplinary edge studies, the phonochemical technology has remarkably showed its good applicable prospect on wastewater treatment, particularly in dealing with the difficult treated that the organic pollutant which is poisonous.This article introduces the application principle and mechanism of ultrasonic in wastewater treatment process. It takes phenol and ethyl alcohol that are two kinds of common organic wastewater which as the main wastewater constituent of the simulative wastewater. The intermittent ultrasonic generator was used to treat the simulative wastewater. By the experiment we find that:(1) The initial pH value of reactant、initial concentration of reactant、ultrasonic reaction time、ultrasonic power、air current capacity will be affected to the chemical oxygen removal rate. The rule is that increasing the ultrasonic time would be advantageous to the degradation of wastewater organic; lowering concentration of the treated organic sample by ultrasonic process is more effective than the higher one; The different organic waste water have their own supreme ultrasonic power; the higher of the current capacity is that the more advantageous is the ultrasonic degradation; while it is favor to the ultrasonic degradation with the smaller broken quantity of wastewater sample; the different organic is corresponding a better initial pH value.(2) The dynamic reaction of phenol and ethyl alcohol to be ultrasonic treatment process correspond the first order, the dynamic equation are: CA=6.3853exp(-0.0008t), and C_A=12.87exp(-0.0042t).(3) When we increase the Fenton reagent and use the different supersonic equipment, the chemical oxygen demanded COD has a more remarkable fluence, which explaine the union processing technology can effectively enhance the supersonic degeneration effect, the continual soundam plitude pole plunges the type phonochemistry reactor degrade the effect to be better. The result of experiment indicated when degrade the sole ultrasonic technology phenol and ethyl alcohol, the overall COD removed rate is not high, but the ultrasonic technology union can effectively enhance COD removed rate; This research not only deeply understands the mechanism of ultrasonic degradation, but also provides certain valuable parameter for practical application; and lays the foundation for further research on ultrasonic degradation of organic wastewater.更多还原