【作者】 闫丽；

【导师】 于宝义；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 目前，铝合金型材在日常生活及生产领域应用越来越广泛，用挤压的方法生产大型工业用铝型材，既节约金属又具有很高的生产效率。在铝型材挤压工艺生产中，经常凭借经验和反复试模、修模来调整模具结构，造成人力与物力的耗费；由于挤压模具内部是封闭的，因此材料的流动、应力与应变场的分布以及模具载荷情况都很难监测与控制。为了解决这些问题，本文以平面分流组合模挤压A16061圆管型材为研究对象，通过刚塑性模拟软件DEFORM-3D对6061铝合金挤压过程进行了模拟，从而成功地实现了模具结构的优化。本文首先论述了平面分流组合模的模具设计原则，以及刚塑性有限元理论；然后应用大型体积塑性成形模拟软件DEFORM-3D对A16061圆管型材挤压工艺过程进行了模拟，找到实际模具失效的原因是由于应力集中造成的。基于此原因，提出了优化方案，改变分流比、焊合角以及焊合室的高度。为了达到合理的优化方案，系统地研究焊合角和焊合室高度对分流模的影响，分别研究焊合角为25°、30°和45°以及焊合室高度为45mm、60mm和70mm时对模具受力的影响，从中找出规律。利用研究得出的规律，对模具进行结构优化。其中包括改变模孔数量，增大分流比，改变焊合角和焊合室高度。另外，在实际工作中模具由于受力还会发生变形，产生挠度，所以针对此套模具的受力情况还计算出了其最大挠度值，这对于实际加工模具提供了理论依据。通过以上改进，使模具寿命有了明显的提高。在实际挤压中发现，分流孔面积相同时离中心越近的基础速度越大，所以为了确保各部分流速相近，本研究创新性地利用数值分析，对在挤压筒半径为125mm时的挤压出口速度和分流孔面积以及其在模具中的位置建立了数学关系式。通过此关系式，可以在已知其中一项的条件下，计算出其它两项，从而达到控制挤压出口高度和出口流速的目的，为模具设计提供了理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 For the present, the use of Aluminum alloy profile becomes more and more popular. Extruding method is commonly used in the production, because it can not only save raw material, but also has high productivity. So it is taken into account increasingly. However, die design often depends on the experience and trial-and-error over and over in production. In addition, the pattern of metal flow, stress distribution, strain distribution and stress of die are unclear because the extrusion process is accomplished in a closed chamber.In order to solve these problems, A16061 alloy profile of circular tube is analyzed. The extrusion is simulated by means of rigid-plastic FEM software Deform-3D. And it is implemented the optimum design.Firstly, it is introduced design principle of the porthole die and the theory of rigid-plastic. Secondly, the parameters and process of extrusion craft of A16061 alloy are calculated by DEFORM. Subsequently, it is found that the reason of die damage is stress concentration.Base on this reason, the method of optimum design is established. For obtaining the rational method, the effect on welding-on angle and welding-on height is studied, included 25°,30°,45°and 45mm,60mm,70mm,and the rule is found.The study used the law to die for structural optimization. These include changes in the number of die, increasing diversion ratio, changing welding angle and welding room high. In addition, in the actual work die will be distorted due to have deflection. So for these dies it is calculated the maximum deflection. It provides a theoretical basis for the actual mold. By this improvement, die life has been noticeably improved.Squeeze it is found that for the same area of central Vietnam the farther from the center, the speed is greater. The height is greater in the same time. In order to ensure the similar flow rate, the mathematical relation of extrusion rate and the area and position of porthole holes are created in extrusion-drum radius 125mm, it is newly. By use of the relational expression, it can be calculated the other parameters if the one is known. Thus, it can be achieved controlling export height and extrusion flow, which provides a theoretical basis for the design of the dies.更多还原