我国城市土地使用权出让制度绩效分析研究

【作者】 赵娜；

【导师】 贺永方；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 行政管理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 正如新制度经济学所实际验证的，绩效水平不同的制度会对行为效率产生不同影响。而在社会主义市场经济条件下，土地作为重要的生产要素与公共资源、公共财产，不仅涉及众多利益层面，是社会普遍关注的热点问题，而且与公共管理的许多方面密切联系，直接反映并间接决定公共管理的实际效果。因此，以制度绩效为切入点探讨城市土地利用问题，不但有利于更好实现对土地资源的有效利用，而且对促进公共管理制度的规范化和政策的针对性，探求公共资源管理的可持续发展，无疑具备很强的理论与实践意义。从我国当前实际来看，城市土地使用权出让制度虽经多年的探索与发展，已经取得了极大成效，但实践中同样存在诸多亟待解决的严重问题，如土地资源无序低效利用问题严重，土地保护面临严峻挑战；土地利用过于偏重经济效益，忽视社会效益现象仍比较普遍；土地产权机制和土地收益分配机制不完善等等。实践中出现的问题折射了制度缺陷的客观存在，而制度上的缺陷则来自理论认识上的不足。因此，如何在理论层面上充分认识问题产生根源，以探寻解决问题的有效路径，就成为了当前理论界与实践部门需要重点思考的一个关键问题。基于这种认识，本文以新制度经济学为主要理论依据，参考奥斯特罗姆的制度绩效分析框架，通过设定城市土地使用权出让制度的六方面目标取向与界定城市土地利用可持续发展的具体要求，分别从目标绩效与功能绩效两个方面，对我国城市土地使用权出让制度的绩效水平进行了总体考察，并在总结归纳制度绩效存在主要问题的基础上，得出结论认为，城市土地使用权出让制度绩效水平的有效提升是一项系统工程，政府应从更新观念入手，以机制优化为基础，以手段转换为依托，以方式转变为突破，以目标调整为方向，以确保城市土地使用权出让制度效力的最大程度发挥，实现城市土地综合效用的最大化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Just as new institutional economics has been proved through practice, the system of different performance level can produce different impacts on efficiency. In a socialist market economy, land as an important ingredient of production, with public resources and public property, not only have relation to multiplicity of the interest which is clearly a universal focus these days, but also have a close relation to Public Management that reflect directly and determine indirectly the practical efficiency of Public Management. Therefore, this paper attaches the system performance in studying urban land utilization, benefiting to realize the effective utilization of land resource. What’ s more, it has a profound theoretical and practical significance in promoting the standardization of Public Management system, the pertinence of policy and seeking a way to achieve sustainable development of the Public Resources Management.According with the present and practical situation of our country, the system of leased urban land use right, after years trial and development, has been achieved notable progress. However, it is clearly that there are still many problems demanding prompt solution in operation, such as the utilization ratio of land resource is not high; land preservation are facing a serious challenge; land use overly favor the economic benefit; the problem of overlooking the social benefit has been fairly common; land property mechanism and land profit-sharing mechanism are not perfect, etc. Problems that had arisen in practice mirror the defect existing in system. And the defect in system comes from the inadequacy in theoretical understanding. Therefore, how to fully realize roots of problems from theoretical view in order to trace and solve the problem effectively has become a key question requiring serious thought by theorists and government department.Based on this knowledge, the major theoretical basis of this paper is new institutional economics, referring to Ostrom’s system performance analyses framework, through setting six goals in the system of leased urban land use right and defining the specific requirements in sustained urban land use, carrying a comprehensive and extensive study on the performance of the system of leased urban land use right of our country from two aspects: goal performance and function performance. On the basis of summarizing and summing up the main problems in system performance, it draws the conclusion that the effective promotion in the performance level of the system of leased urban land use right is a system engineering. The government should innovate the notion, optimize the mechanism, change the means, regulate the goals, ensure the system of leased urban land use right’s ability to fulfill its function and realize the best use of efficiency in urban land comprehensive utilization.更多还原