碟形弹簧的力学性能研究

【作者】 王晓波；

【导师】 孙利民；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 固体力学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 碟形弹簧作为一种非线性减振元件，能在很小的变形条件下，承受范围变化很大的载荷。随着对碟形弹簧研究的深入，碟簧的使用范围越来越广泛。对于碟簧的研究，大部分是对于单片碟簧的特性以及静态力学性能，然而对于组合碟簧和特殊碟簧的研究比较少。碟形弹簧本身具有几何非线性，组合碟簧还具有接触非线性，有些特殊碟簧还有材料非线性，因此对于这些碟簧的计算非常复杂，有些是不能得到解析解的。随着计算机技术和计算方法的发展，复杂的工程问题可以采用数值计算方法并借助计算机得到满足工程要求的数值解。本文就是以普通组合碟簧，以及外面包有橡胶膜的特殊组合碟簧为对象，通过试验测试，和利用有限元软件LS-DYNA和ANSYS对碟簧的基本力学性能进行数值计算和分析。主要的工作为：1．对普通组合碟簧和特殊组合碟簧进行试验测试，并使用LS-DYNA对普通叠合碟簧和特殊叠合碟簧的变形进行数值计算，将试验和计算结果进行比较；2．使用ANSYS对碟形弹簧进行模态分析。分别对单片碟簧和两片叠合的碟簧在给定约束条件下的模态进行计算，计算出它们的固有频率并绘制振型图；3．使用ANSYS对碟形弹簧进行谐波响应分析。分析时只考虑竖直方向的谐激励，分别对单片碟簧和两片叠合碟簧在给定约束条件下分析，得出碟簧的谐响应曲线。通过对碟簧变形的试验和计算，得到了普通组合碟簧和带有橡胶膜的特殊组合碟簧的载荷-位移特性曲线，并且把二者的特性曲线进行比较，说明了橡胶膜对碟形弹簧的变形的影响。通过对碟簧的模态分析和谐响应分析，分别得到了单片碟簧和叠合碟簧的动力学特性，找到了容易发生破坏的危险点，从而为延长碟簧寿命，保证安全，减少损失提供了有价值的数据。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a sort of nonlinear shock absorption component, the disk spring can bear large-scale load with smaller deformation. The disk spring is used more extensive area with more deep research about it. To research of the disk spring, most researches are about trait of a piece of disk spring as well as static mechanical character. However, researches to the combination disk spring and the special disk spring are less. The disk spring has geometric nonlinear and the combination disk spring has contact nonlinear and some special disks spring have material nonlinear, therefore calculation of the disk spring is very complex, some can not get analytic solution. With development of computer technology and calculation method, numerical solution of satisfying engineering requirement can be gained in numerical calculation and computer to complex engineering problem.In this paper, the general combination disk spring and the special combination disk spring wrapped with rubber membrane outside are selected as the researched object. The basic mechanical character of the disk spring was calculated numerically and analyzed by experiment and the finite element software LS-DYNA and ANSYS. The main works of the thesis are finished as follow:1. The experiments are done to the general combination disk spring and the special combination disk spring, and the deformation of the general congruent disk spring and that of the special congruent disk spring are calculated in LS-DYNA. Moreover, results of experiment are compared with that of calculation.2. The mode of the disk spring is analyzed in ANSYS. The modes of a piece of disk spring and two piece of congruent disk spring are calculated on given restriction. The natural frequencies and the modal shapes are obtained.3. The harmonic response of the disk spring is analyzed in ANSYS. Only upright harmonic excitation is considered when analysis. The harmonic response of a piece of disk spring and two piece of congruent disk spring are calculated on given restriction. The curves of harmonic response are obtained. Through analysis and calculation to deformation of the disk spring, the load-deformation curves of the general combination disk spring and the special combination disk spring with rubber membrane are gained, and the influence of rubber membrane to the disk spring is explained through comparing them. Through mode analysis and harmonic analysis of the disk spring, the dynamic characters of a piece of disk spring and the congruent disk spring are gotten, and damageable dangerous point is found. Therefore, the valuable data that can prolong the life of the disk spring and improve the security and decrease the loss are offered.更多还原