【作者】 孙勇；

【导师】 孙刚；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 热能工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着“热量须要计量”和“一户一表”的提出，热量表得到广泛的应用，同时热量表的检定装置越来越受到人们的重视。但是，目前热量表中流量传感器的检定还是在冷水条件下进行的，因为流量传感器直接与被测介质接触，其测量机构(机芯)受到热胀冷缩的影响，从而导致在不同的水温下它的测量误差也不同。针对静态质量法流量标准装置精度高、检定效率低的特点和标准表法流量标准装置结构简单、检定效率高的特点，本装置采用水塔稳压法，将质量法和标准表法结合在一起，并进行合理的不确定度分配，使各项指标符合相关规定的要求。标准表采用准确度较高的电磁流量计。本文研究的热水流量标准装置，选用容积式电加热器，加热总功率为120kW。加热盘管分为13根，其中两根加热功率为5kW，其余11根的加热功率均为10kW。开始时13根盘管都投入使用，待加热到设计工作温度时，只保留一根5kW的盘管工作来补给管路的热损失。这样的设计可以实现流量计的热水检定，同时使水的温度在室温和95℃之间进行调节。为减少热损失，本装置所有的管路和水箱都采取一定的保温措施，并采用闭式换向器来减少液体的飞溅和蒸发带来的误差。同时，采用计算机和PLC共同实现信息采集、转换和数据处理的自动化控制。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the proposal of "The quantity of heat should be measured" and "One household one calorimeter" were put forward, calorimeters were widely used and their detective instrumentation was paid more and more attention. But presently, the detection of flux sensor in the calorimeter was made under the cold water condition. The flux sensor contacted with the detected medium which resulted in the influence of thermal expansion and cold shrinkage to its measure mechanism (cassette mechanism).Thus its measurement error was different at the different water temperatures.In view of the property of the flux standard instrument of static state mass method with high accuracy and low efficiency, and that of standard meter method with simple structure and high efficiency, this instrument adopted water tower voltage stabilization method, combined mass method with standard meter method, made the reasonable uncertainty distribution to let every index meet with the relative regulation. Standard flowmeter adopted electromagnetic flowmeter with high accuracy.The hot water flux standard instrument studied in this thesis chose volume dyadic electric heater, whose total heat power was 120 kW .There were 13 set heating tubes in it, and two were 5 kW in the heat power and the rest were 10 kW. 13 set tubes were all put in use at the beginning .When they reached the designed working temperature, only one of 5 kW was left to supply the heat loss. This design could detect the flowmeter under hot water condition, and the water temperature could be adjusted between the indoor temperature and 95℃.To relieve the heat loss, some heat preservation measures were made at all the pipelines and water boxes in this instrument and the closed commutator was used to decrease the error of the fluid splash and evaporation. At the same time, the computer and PLC were used together to realize the automotive control of information collection, conversion and data processing.更多还原