【作者】 冯小中；

【导师】 覃蓉芳；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 企业管理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 21世纪是知识经济时代，在这个全新的时代，社会经济形态中主要的生产要素发生了显著变化，人才代替传统的物质、资本等资源成为最宝贵的稀缺资源。企业之间的竞争实际上就是人才的竞争。因此，企业人力资源管理的一个重要任务就是知识型员工的管理，留住并激发知识型员工的创造潜力是企业制定和实施人力资源管理战略的重要任务，也是企业获得持久竞争优势的关键。知识型员工由于占有特殊的生产要素，即隐含于他们头脑中的知识，他们往往不追求终身饭碗，而追求终身就业能力。他们有能力接受新工作、新任务的挑战，拥有远远高于传统工人的职业选择权。一旦现有工作没有足够的吸引力，或缺乏充分的个人成长机会和发展空间，他们会很容易地转向其他公司，寻求新的职业机会。于是，知识型员工的流动也日益频繁，成为一种普遍的社会现象。本文针对这种社会现象，引入西方的职业倾向理论，在文献研究的基础上，采用发放问卷的方法对中国知识型员工工作的稳定性进行了实证研究。考察了中国知识型员工的职业倾向的类型、人口统计学变量与职业倾向的关系、职业倾向和工作的稳定性变量之间的关系以及工作机会和职业倾向-环境匹配对两者关系的影响。文章通过对164位知识型员工的实证研究，发现：(1)知识型员工持有的职业倾向的分布很宽泛，包括全部九种类型，其中认同度最高的是管理倾向，其次是创业倾向和独立倾向，认同度最低的是地理安全倾向、服务倾向和挑战倾向；(2)女性知识型员工在生活倾向上的得分显著高于男性；不同年龄段的知识型员工在部分职业倾向上的得分存在显著的差异；在生活、工作安全和地理安全倾向的得分上，已婚和未婚的知识型员工之间无显著差异；(3)部分职业倾向与工作的稳定性变量之间存在显著的相关关系，地理安全倾向与留职意向、工作涉入度和工作满意度显著正相关；挑战倾向与责任感、工作涉入度显著正相关；管理倾向与留职意向显著正相关；独立倾向与工作涉入度显著正相关，与组织承诺显著负相关；生活倾向与工作满意度显著负相关；服务倾向和留职意向、责任感显著正相关；技术倾向与责任感和组织承诺显著正相关；(4)职业倾向-环境匹配和工作机会对职业倾向和工作的稳定性变量之间的关系有显著的调节作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 21st century is a knowledge-economy era,in this new era,the principlal production factors in the social economical form have changed significantly.human resource become the most important production factors instead of objective matter and funds. The nature of contest between firms is contest of human capacity.the management for knowledge worker has become an important task for human resource department.maintaining the knowledge worker and stimulating their creative potential is the chief objective of the establishment and implement of human resource management strategics,and is key factor for enterprises to acquire maintained competive advantage.For their unique resource,i.e.the knowledge kept in their brain,the knowlede workers commonly pursue a permanent job capacity,not a permanent job.they can conquer the difficulties within the new tasks and job,and own strong capacity largly supassing traditional employee.if they find there is no attraction,or lack of opportunities or space for developmeng,they will transfer to other firms easily in order to seek new opportunity for development.so the dynamics of knowledge worker is increasing,and have become a common social phenomena.Focus on this social phenomena, This study introduced the theory of career orientation arised from west countries to empirically study the job stability of Chinese knowledge worker by adoption of questionnaire based on the study of literature.this paper explore the type of careen orientation own by knowledge worker ,relationship between career orientation and demography variables,and relationship between career orientation and job stability variables,at last,the study explore the influence of career orientation-environment fit and available job opportunity to the relationship between career orientation and job stability.The study exert empirically analyse to 164 knowledge worker ,the result show that:(l)the career orientations own by knowledge worker is of diversity,the career orientation received the highest identification is management orientation,the next is entrepreneurship orientation and autonomy orientation,the career orientation received the lowest identification is geographic security orientation,service orientation and challenge orientation;(2)female knowledge worker score higher on lifestyle orientation than males significantly;there is significant difference in scores of some career orientation between ages;and there is no difference in scores of lifestyle orientationjob security orientation and geographic security orientation between married and unmarried knowledge worker;(3)career orientation is related significantly with job stability variables,geographic security orientation positive related significantly with intention to stay, job involvement and job satisfaction,challenge orientation is positive related significantly with commitment and involvement,management orientation is positive related significantly with intention to stay;autonomy orientation is positive related significantly with job involvement,and is negative related significantly with organizational comrnitment;lifestyle orientation is negative related significantly with job satisfaction;service orientation is positive related significantly with intention to stay and liability;technological orientation is positive related significantly with liability and organizational commitment;(4)career orientation- environment fit and available job opportunity can moderate significantly the relationship between career orientation and job stability.更多还原