【作者】 李明；

【导师】 雷斌隆；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 目前，高速铁路已经在发达国家城际干线地面交通中占据了主导地位，随着我国京沪高速铁路的破土动工，我国高速列车的时代也到来了。作为列车安全运行的关键技术制动盘的研发几乎是列车进一步提速的瓶颈，而国内正在生产和使用的制动盘材料还不能满足300km／h高速列车的使用要求，现阶段国内高速列车制动盘主要依赖进口。基于这个现状开展了本文的工作。本文采用高度非线性有限元软件MSC．Marc建立热机耦合的3D模型，结合1∶1制动动力试验台试验，模拟了200km／h高速列车制动盘制动过程中温度和应力变化情况。在200km／h模型的基础上，模拟了300km／h高速列车制动盘制动过程中温度和应力变化情况，考查制了不同动盘材料的机械性能参数以及热物理性能参数对制动过程中温度和应力的影响，分析了这些参数对制动盘抗热裂性能的影响，为研发新型制动盘的选材提供了重要参考。分析了制动过程中不同期间温度和应力的在摩擦表面径向以及周向、厚度方向的分布及变化规律，发现在制动过程中制动盘摩擦面的温度分布呈高温环带分布，在这些环带及附近点上的周向应力始终大于径向应力，这些导致盘面的热裂纹总是在盘面上从盘的内径向外径分布。并在国外热喷涂制动盘的基础上提出了在普通制动盘材料的表面复合耐热耐磨性能好的材料来提高制动盘制动性能而降低成本的构思，通过有限元数值模拟验证了这一构思。最后对本文的研究进行了总结并提出进一步提高模拟精度的工作方向，以及进行台架试验或者更经济的同比例缩减规模的物理试验模拟的展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, high-speed railway has already taken the predominant place of ground transportation trunk between cities of developed countries. With the beginning construction of Beijing—Shanghai Express Railway, the era of high-speed train is coming in China. The research and development of brake discs that is the key technology of train safe operation become the bottleneck for higher speed train. The materials for brake discs that is under produce and used in China can’t meet the requirement for high-speed train of 300km/h, mostly depend on import. The present work was carried out based on these.The varied behavior of temperature and stress in disc was simulated in the duration of 200km/h high-speed train braking, the highly nonlinear finite element analysis software MSC.Marc was adopted to build coupled thermo-mechanical three-dimensional models, combined with the 1:1 dynamic bench test. Basing on the model of 200km/h, i t was simulated that the varied behavior of temperature and stress in disc during the course of 300km/h high-speed train braking. The influence of different mechanical properties and thermo-physics properties of brake disc materials that act on the temperatures and stresses in the course of braking was tested, and the effect of these properties on resistance performance of thermal crack in disc was analyzed. These provide important references for the selection of the new materials of brake discs. The distribution and variation law of temperature and stress at different braking period in radial and circumferential friction surface and thickness heading was analyzed. It was founded that there was different high temperature cyclical bands distributed in friction surface, and the stress in nodes of these bands was higher in circumferential direction than in the radial one. Consequently, the thermal cracks was always found in the radial direction of surface extending from the inner radius to the outer radius. A conception based on the foreign thermal spraying brake disc, surface overlaying materials that have excellent capabilities of heat resistance and antifriction on ordinary braking materials to improve the braking performance and cut the cost, that was presented. The conception was demonstrated by finite element numerical simulations.At last, summary was made and directions of the work to increase the precision of simulations was proposed. A full-scale bench test or a economical same scale reduced-scale physical simulation was needed.更多还原